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quantitative-effects
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Phase field approach for nanoscale interactions between crack propagation and phase transformation
, Article Nanoscale ; Volume 11, Issue 46 , 2019 , Pages 22243-22247 ; 20403364 (ISSN) ; Levitas, V. I ; Farrahi, G. H ; Javanbakht, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Royal Society of Chemistry
2019
Abstract
The phase field approach (PFA) for the interaction of fracture and martensitic phase transformation (PT) is developed, which includes the change in surface energy during PT and the effect of unexplored scale parameters proportional to the ratio of the widths of the crack surface and the phase interface, both at the nanometer scale. The variation of these two parameters causes unexpected qualitative and quantitative effects: shift of PT away from the crack tip, "wetting" of the crack surface by martensite, change in the structure and geometry of the transformed region, crack trajectory, and process of interfacial damage evolution, as well as transformation toughening. The results suggest...
The use of optical coherence tomography to analyze the efficacy of skin care products
, Article Photonics in Dermatology and Plastic Surgery 2018, 27 January 2018 through 28 January 2018 ; Volume 10467 , 2018 ; 16057422 (ISSN); 9781510614192 (ISBN) ; Turani, Z ; Fotouhi, A ; Daveluy, S ; Mehregan, D ; Chen, W ; Gelovani, J ; Nasiriavanaki, M ; The Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) ; Sharif University of Technology
SPIE
2018
Abstract
Background: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an imaging method that provides real time in situ visualization of human tissue at sub-micrometer resolution. Prior research shows OCT is suitable for imaging the epidermis. Method: In this study, we utilized OCT images to noninvasively measure the quantitative effect of a specialized antiaging product compared with a petrolatum control in a split-face trial. The images acquired with OCT were analyzed to determine the average surface roughness, Ra, and surface roughness depth, Rz, of the imaged skin. These values were measured over the duration of a 28-day trial. Results: The petrolatum treated skin showed a 2.1% and 2.9% decrease in Ra and...