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Synthesis, Characterization and Surface Modification of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications

Mahmoudi, Morteza | 2009

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  1. Type of Document: Ph.D. Dissertation
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 39894 (48)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
  6. Advisor(s): Simchi, Abdolreza; Imani, Mohammad; Bagheri, Reza
  7. Abstract:
  8. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) with proper surface coatings are increasingly being evaluated for clinical applications such as hyperthermia, drug delivery, magnetic resonance imaging, transfection, and cell/protein separation. Since the particles with various sizes exhibit different flow rates in the same environment (same capillary size), it is essential to use particles of a desirable size for targeted drug delivery and imaging. Particles of different sizes may be exposed to different viscosities and behave differently, particularly with regard to their velocities as they move through capillaries. In the present work, SPION with different size, purity, shape and configuration (e.g. magnetic beads) and magnetic saturation were synthesized through a coprecipitation method. The effect of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyethylene glycol fumarate (PEGF) as coating materials on the stability and morphology of the particles was studied. By freezing/thawing process stable magnetic nanorods were synthesized for PVA coated SPION. On the other hand, the PEGF coated SPIONs were found to be highly stable and easy to handle, due to their excellent dispersability in the aqueous environment. Various analytical techniques including optical microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UVvisible spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), flow cytometry, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1HNMR), zeta potential analysis, dynamic laser light scattering (DLS) and γ counting were employed to characterize the SPION. Using the 3- (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), cell cycle assay and apoptosis assay, the in vitro toxicity of SPIONs (bare and coated) were examined and confirmed high compatibility of SPION. Based on the experimental results, a new surface passivation procedure was proposed to achieve more reliable quantitative assessment of in vitro assays. Biological fate of SPION was probed via various histochemical techniques and the main reason for death of SPION-treated-cells was found to be autophagy.Biodistribution pattern for 67Ga labeled-SPION was examined in this regard.
  9. Keywords:
  10. Biocompatibility ; Cell Cycle ; Superparamagnetism ; Burst ; Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ; Poly Vinyl Alcohol ; Poly Ethylene Glycol Fumarate (PEGF)

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