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The Effect of Using a Viscoelastic Layer on a Dental Implant on the Stress/Strain Distribution at the Interface of Implant and Jaw Bone

Ghanati, Golsa | 2010

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 41650 (08)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Mechanical Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Ahmadian, Mohammad Taghi; Firoozbakhsh, Keikhosrow
  7. Abstract:
  8. Natural teeth are connected to alveolar bone by periodontal ligaments ( PDL). PDL in addition to supporting tooth have the damping effect on transferring load from tooth to the surrounding bone. The most common replacement for a complete tooth loss is the use of Osseointegrated dental implants. The healthy bone remodeling and full bonding between bone and titanium surface of the implant is subjected to a successful osseointegration. The lack of PDLs in the structure of implant-bone system could lead to the failure of implant’s components due to overloading or to the impact loads. The aim of this study is to use viscoelastic material in the structure of dental implants to compensate for the loss of PDL's. we proposed the novel implant with an elastomeric visco hyperelastic internal layer imitating periodontal ligament’s function.The finite element analysis is developed for investigating the effect of this layer on stress and displacement distribution.Then with utilizing the mathematical model for describing bone remodeling, the effect of nonlinear hyperelastic layer on distribution of bone density around the implant is surveyed for both immediate and delayed treatment. For immediate loading treatment the change of friction coefficient simultaneous with change of density is considered. Our results so far indicate that the use of a class of material exhibiting visco hyperelastic behavior as a damping layer can reduce the peak stress deduced from impact loads. The stress distribution becomes more uniform in the alveolar crest region. Such smooth stress distribution on the bone-implant interface is similar to those of the natural tooth. The mobility of implant supported prosthesis is similar to that of natural tooth and micromotion at the bone-implant interface is decreased for both delayed and immediately loading treatment .Also the pattern of density shows improvement of bone remodeling especially for immediate loading treatment
  9. Keywords:
  10. Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis ; Visco-Hyperelastic Behaviour ; Osseointegration ; Dental Implant ; Periodontal Ligament

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