Simulation of Fire in Tunnels Using Fire Dynamics Simulator Code (FDS)

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Shahsavan, Martia | 2011

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Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
Language: Farsi
Document No: 42258 (08)
University: Sharif University of Technology
Department: Mechanical Engineering
Advisor(s): Farhanieh, Bijan
Abstract:
Designing of an efficient emergency ventilation system is one of the main approaches to prevent the perilous fire in tunnel phenomenon. For this purpose, firstly, fire behavior and its heat release rate should be investigated. Knowing about temperature distribution and smoke movement is the second step. One of the most considerable factors in smoke control is critical velocity. It means the minimum velocity to prevent backlayering flow. If longitudinal ventilation velocity were less than this amount, smoke and hot gases originated from the fire can enter the upstream zone. This may cause lack of oxygen and decrease visibility for the passengers when they are escaping from the fire field. In this study, fire in tunnel is simulated using Fire Dynamics Simulator code (FDS). The relation for calculating critical ventilation velocity with respect to heat release rate has been developed. Furthermore, effects of different parameters like fire source height, place and blockage ratio, aspect ratio and slip of tunnel are investigated. Moreover, a real burning train with all details is simulated and results are compared to the amount evaluated from the new relation
Keywords:
Tunnels ; Critical Velocity ; Fire Accident ; Fire Dynamic Simulator (FDS)Software ; Smoke Control