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Experimental and Theoretical Study of the Transesterification Products Extraction in Biodiesel Production

Hakim, Maziar | 2013

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 45266 (06)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Chemical and Petroleum Eengineering
  6. Advisor(s): Vossoughi, Manoochehr; Rashtchian, Davood
  7. Abstract:
  8. The experimental investigation of biodiesel production stages from microalgae especially biomass production stage was conducted in this thesis. The optimal rate of biomass productivity was determined.
    A photobioreactor was designed and constructed to cultivate microalgae C. Vulgaris according to researchers’ works and obtained results in this study. The process parameters were examined and the optimal parameters were obtained according to the necessary tests which were carried out.
    According to the results, the optimal condition for growing of microalgae was obtained with aeration of 6 lit/min with 3% CO2, and CO2 injection regime of 45 sec. injection and 3 min. of stoppage. A rapid growth of microalgae and productivity rates of 0.11 g L-1 day-1 was obtained in this condition.
    In this study, also a novel experimental approach was used to overcome the lack of phase equilibria information, and obtain data which is more applicable to industrial situations. Phase boundaries, were carried out for three systems of canola oil methyl esters (containing 1 wt% KOH) + glycerol + methanol, sunflower oil methyl esters (containing 1 wt% KOH) + glycerol + methanol, and C. Vulgaris extracted lipid methyl esters (containing 1 wt% KOH) + glycerol + methanol at three different temperatures (303.15, 313.15, and 323.15 K). Liquid–liquid equilibria (LLE) data and tie-lines were obtained for the products of transesterification of canola oil and sunflower oil at three different temperature (303.15, 313.15, and 323.15 K). The quality of data was also ascertained using Othmer-Tobias correlations. The experimental LLE data was also correlated by the NRTL and the Wilson-NRF Gibbs free energy models. The energy interaction parameters of both models were obtained for both systems. The results indicated that the Wilson-NRF provided an accurate correlation of LLE behavior with average absolute deviation (AAD%) inferior to 8.78% and 10.80% for canola and sunflower biodiesel systems. However, the NRTL model presented a more accurate correlation of LLE behavior of both studied systems with AAD% inferior to 6.26% and 7.43% for canola and sunflower biodiesel systems
  9. Keywords:
  10. Microalgae ; Chlorelavulgaris ; Biodiesel ; Liquid-Liquid Equilibrium ; Transesterification Reaction

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