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Feasibility Study of Using Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell for CO2 Capture from Exhaust Gases of Internal Combustion Engines

Habibzade, Samane | 2014

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 46236 (46)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Energy Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Roshandel, Ramin; Shaygan, Jalaloddin
  7. Abstract:
  8. According to, increasing use of energy in the world, issues such as increasing reenhouse gas’ emission, rising temperature on planet earth and air pollution have appeared Carbon dioxide is a major greenhouse gas that has a significant impact on increasing the temperature of earth. In recent years, attentions to carbon dioxide capturring and sequestration technologies have been increased. In this project molten carbonate fuel cell which is used as a new method for separating carbon dioxide from gaseous compounds of combustion process, is discussed. The aim of the project is to, investigate technical and
    economic feasibility of using molten carbonate fuel cell for separating carbon dioxide from the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine, and the second aim is to compare it with other separation technologies. Then molten carbonate fuel cell separation system is used in the modeling and economical analysis with considering two different scenarios: In scenario 1, the fuel cell exhaust energy is used for producing steam for different purposes,which in the first case, the available fuel cell stacks in the market that has a certain amount of power, are used. And, in the second case the value of the current density and the area of fuel cell in which the separation of CO2 at the lowest possible cost, is calculated. In the first case, the cost of CO2 capture for a 4 MW system, is 126 $/ton and the latter 117 $/ton respectively. In scenario 2, to reduce the cost of separating CO2 from exhaust gases, exhaust energy of the fuel cell is used to produce high-pressure steam which is used in steam turbines. In the case of using of 1 MW Fuel cell stack, cost of carbon capture is 114$/ton and in the case of optimal fuel cell, separation costs is 105 $/ton. The results show that the optimal scenario 2 in the stack, cost less than 1900 $/kW, CO2 separation using a molten carbonate fuel cells is competitive with conventional systems, such as the separation of CO2 using Amine solvent. Also internal combustion engines in department of energy of Iran is used as case study and values of current density and fuel cell area is calculated to achieve the lowest cost of CO2 sequestration. Thus, using an optimal fuel cell, cost of CO2 capture reaches 150 $/ton. At the optimal point, 64% of CO2 from combustion gases are separated. Before, adding the fuel cell system electrical efficiency of the cogeneration of electricity and heat, is 41%, but after adding the optimal sepration system, it increase to 54.9%.
  9. Keywords:
  10. Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell ; Internal Combustion Engines ; Carbon Dioxide Emission ; Carbon Dioxide Separation ; Carbon Dioxide Sequestration Cost

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