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Mechanical Analysis of the Influence of Surgical Glues on the State of the Aorta after Cardiovascular Surgery

Nejadsadeghi, Nima | 2015

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 48265 (08)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Mechanical Engineering
  6. Advisor(s):
  7. Abstract:
  8. With the emergence of a variety of surgical glues in the market and utilizing them in recent years, nowadays, based on the post-surgery studies, it has become transparent that there are additional factors, such as the long-term effect of surgical glues on tissue, to consider beyond the sealants ability to act as a mechanical barrier or a means to buttress friable tissue so that it can hold sutures. Mechanical properties of the surgical glues have especially a significant role in the applications that the tissue undergoes cyclic loading (such as arteries’ tissues). A mismatch between the mechanical properties of the tissue and the sealant can result in the remodeling of the artery that may have adverse effects on it. In this research, to study the remodeling of the aorta after using surgical glues, particularly BioGlue, the finite element model of the ascending aorta is modeled considering hyperelastic mechanical behavior model for the aorta, and the effect of using the surgical glue on the aorta is investigated. Doing so, the pressure exerted on the outer surface of the aorta by the sealant, and also the stress distribution in the aorta are obtained using finite element analysis. Thereafter, utilizing the Global Growth Approach, the changes in geometry and mechanical properties of the aorta in the process of remodeling, using MATLAB programming, are studied and analyzed. The results of the simulation of the remodeling process of the tissue demonstrate a decrease in the thickness and changes in the material constants of the hyperelastic model expressing the mechanical behavior of the aorta. It is found that the changes in the aorta are largely dependent on the type and the thickness of the surgical glue used, and when using surgical glues of the same thickness, utilizing BioGlue brings about the maximum adverse effects. These changes cause thinning and weakening of the aorta after surgery. On the other hand, the surgical glue is finally absorbed by the body after passage of a particular amount of time based on its type, ergo, the aorta will undergo the loading imposed by the blood pressure in its thinned state and with no support of the sealant. Considering the fact mentioned by other researchers that the thinned aorta is prone to the formation of aneurysm or pseudoaneurysm, the sensitivity of using a sealant based upon its type and thickness becomes clear
  9. Keywords:
  10. Hyperelasticity ; Finite Element Model ; Aortic Valve ; Heart Surgery ; Surgical Glue ; Aorta Modeling ; Soft Tissues Remodeling ; Global Growth Approach

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