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Numerical Study of Margination and Adhesion of Micro- and Nano-particles in Coronary Circulation

Forouzandehmehr, Mohammad Amin | 2017

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: English
  3. Document No: 49511 (58)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology, International Campus, Kish Island
  5. Department: Science and Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Shamloo, Amir
  7. Abstract:
  8. Obstruction of Left Anterior Descending artery (LAD) due to thrombosis or atherosclerotic plaques is the leading cause of death world–wide. Targeted delivery of drugs through micro- Nano-particles holds noteworthy promise which can make clot busting or the restenosis treatment with minimal toxicity possible. In this work, Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) simulations of blood flow through a patient-specific reconstructed geometry of LAD artery have been conducted using a non-Newtonian hematocrit (HCT) dependent model for blood. Based on physiological facts, 25, 45 and 65 percentages of HCT were assumed as acceptable representations of anemic, healthy and diabetic blood conditions, respectively. Next, Lagrangian particle tracking simulations considering particle-particle interactions and particle Brownian motion have been done for a range of Nano to micron sized carriers and from perfect spheres to near complete rode shapes. The thrombus-targeted effective carrier margination and the carrier affinity with the targeted site, as two different approaches were used for evaluating the role of carrier size, shape and blood HCT in delivery efficiency of micro- and Nano-carriers. The results indicate, the number of spherical carriers migrating toward the thrombotic vessel cross-sectional region rises by increasing the carrier sizes. Also, we found an optimum scope of spherical carrier size in which the adhesive probability to the targeted surfaces reaches its maximum. In the shape study, the result indicates a scope for a specific degree of carrier sphericity in which the thrombus surfaces experience the maximum density of interaction with. Also, we found that targeted non-spherical carriers show better ability of margination than the spherical carriers of the same volume which is in good agreement with the results of related in vivo experiments. Finally, by studying the blood HCT effect on nano-carriers delivery, we learned that the ligand–receptor mechanism based drug carries are better choices for clot busting in the LAD when the addressees are patients with low hematocrit related disease. While due to the amount of shear stress and vorticity at the diseased area, utilizing Nano shear–activated drug carriers in general would be a more effective option when it comes to the thrombolytic treatment of patients with high hematocrit related diseases
  9. Keywords:
  10. Drug Delivery ; Fluid-Solid Interaction ; Thrombosis Formation ; Coronary Arteries Disease (CAD) ; Adhesion ; Lagrangian Particles Tracking

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