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Techno-Economic Comparison between Reverse Osmosis and Multi-Effect Distillation for Desalination in Iran

Fooladi, Hassan | 2020

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 53535 (06)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Bastani, Dariush; Feylizadeh, Mehrzad
  7. Abstract:
  8. The current work studies the economic investigation of reverse osmosis (RO) desalination unit and multi-effect distillation (MED) considering the average global and also Iran circumstances. Technical and operational parameters are taken into account for economic modeling of both methods to choose the proper and economic method for water desalination based on different operational conditions. The cost of the desalination plants is investigated in two different parts of capital cost and operating and maintenance cost. Capital cost is divided into direct and indirect cost subsections. Based on these calcifications, the effect of economic parameters on change of capital cost and operating and maintenance cost and consequently change of water production cost is studied for both methods of water desalination. All economic calculations for RO desalination and MED are calculated for the three cases including average global circumstances, Iran considering the government exchange rate and Iran considering NIMAEE exchange rate. The results show that for the cases of average global circumstances and consideration of government exchange rate for Iran, water production cost of RO is lower than MED because of lower operating and maintenance cost and its stronger effect on production cost. But for the case of consideration of the NIMAEE exchange rate for Iran, the MED method is more economical because of huge amount of capital cost of RO method. By change of electricity tariff from 0.01 to 0.1 dollar per KWh for average global condition and from 700 to 3000 Rials per KWh in Iran, water production cost by RO and MED are increased by 120% and 37% for average global condition, respectively, 65% and 27% considering government exchange rate, respectively, and 25% and 13% considering Nimaee exchanger rate, respectively. Also, an increase in cost of chemical substances from 0.01 to 0.1 dollar per kg for average global conditions results in an increase in production cost of RO and MED by 14% and 13%, respectively. An increase in interest rate from 10% to 20% leads to an increase in production cost of RO and MED by 24% and 15%, respectively for average global condition, 20% and 4%, respectively considering government exchange rate, and 35% and 26%, respectively considering Nimaee exchange rate. An increase in inlet water from 36000 ppm to 46000 ppm results in an increase in water production cost by RO method and MED method by 21% and 6% at average global condition, respectively. Temperature increase from 20 °C to 30 °C results in a decrease in production cost of RO method and an increase in production cost of MED method
  9. Keywords:
  10. Water Desalination ; Reverse Osmosis ; Technical and Economical Comparison ; Multi-Effect Desalination (MED) ; Economic Modeling Framework ; Water Production Rate ; Multi Effect Distillation

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