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Fabrication of Allograft-derived Scaffold by 3D Bioprinting for Craniofacial Defect

Ashrafnia, Arezoo | 2022

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 55190 (06)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technolog
  5. Department: Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Mashayekhan, Shohreh
  7. Abstract:
  8. Craniofacial bone defects without scarring are a major clinical issue. These critical defects, which can be caused by infection or fracture, cannot be repaired without surgery. The main goal of skull repair is to protect vulnerable structures such as the brain, or it can be due to the improvement of jaw function and beauty. Tissue engineering can offer a new generation solution. The purpose of this study was to construct and characterise a degradable polymer/ bioceramic composite scaffold with allograft powder used in the craniofacial bone. The complexities of the extracellular matrix of humans can be simulated using 3D bioprinting.In this study, tricalcium silicate (TCS) was first synthesized and then polycaprolactone (PCL)/ tricalcium silicate composite was printed to improve the properties of the scaffold. Our results showed that increasing the percentage of tricalcium silicate, biodegradability, water absorption and bioactivity of scaffolds increased.The mechanical properties of the scaffolds were measured by compressive strength analysis and the highest compressive strength was related to the sample with 20% tricalcium silicate (81.03 MPa). The decellularized bone matrix (DBM), which is capable of providing the pHysical and pHysiological environment of bone tissue, was injected into the composite scaffold with alginate di- aldehyde (oxidized alginate). The decellularized bone matrix slightly increased the compressive strength of the scaffolds (2-7 MPa). There was also a significant increase in cell growth and adhesion when hydrogel was present in the scaffold. Alkaline pHospHatase analysis and red alizarin staining confirmed osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells
  9. Keywords:
  10. Tricalcium Silicate ; Tissue Engineering ; Bone Scaffold ; Extracellular Matrix ; Three Dimensional Printer ; Polycaprolactone Composite ; Bio-Printing ; Decellularized Bone Matrix

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