Sharif Digital Repository

Since, presence of sulfur compounds in fuels leads to environmental pollution and deacrese of fuel quality, fuel desulfurization should be considered for enhancing the fuel charachteristics. Electrochemical desulfurization was recogonized as one of desulfurization techniques that uses anode and cathode in an electrolytic environment under mild temperature and pressure. In this research, electrochemical desulfurization of crude gas-oil has been studied over electrodes of copper and stainless steel in the presence of NaOH and sulfuric acid. In this research, the effects of operational prameters like stirring rate, temperature, applied potential, sodium hydroxide/sulfuric acid addition as... 

Nitinol alloy is important and increasingly used in medicine and industry due to its unique properties such as shape memory and superelasticity. Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) is a relatively new method which in electrical discharge occurrence and formation of small plasma arcs on the anode surface and the electrochemical and thermochemical reactions in plasma environment prepare ceramic coating on the substrate. This method is taken into consideration because of its simplicity and effectiveness in the preparation of oxide ceramic coatings with porous structure on the surface of certain metals and alloys to improve their corrosion and wear properties. In this study, to improve the... 

Porous thin films have becom very atractive due to their applications in many types of electronic and optical devices. There are several methods for deposition of such films. Chemical method for deposition of nanoporous thin films are relatively simple, but usually hard to control. In this thesis, chemical deposition of thin porous Molybden films is reported. In addition, an available sputtering system has been modified and, controlled porosity thin films were then deposited on glass and silicon substrates using GLAD method.These films have been characerized, and compared with chemically deposited porous thin films  

In this study, the magnetite protective oxide layer was successfully formed on carbon steel substrate in an alkaline solution by an electrochemical method. The electroblackening was performed at a constant potential of 2 volts and in a 50 wt% solution at 75 ° C for 10 minutes. The properties of coating characterized using X-ray diffraction, field emission-scanning electron microscopy, polarization test and visible light spectrophotometery and porosity and thickness of oxide coating investigated. By adding 50 grams per liter of each of nitrate and chromate oxidizers, the porosity of oxide coating decreased from 24 percent to 14 percent and coating thickness increased from 1 micron to 3... 

Graphene, the newborn nanomaterial whose unique properties has extensively drawnattention of many scientists in the recent years, is an ideal candidate for sensing applications due to its exclusive properties like extremely high specific surface area, excellent electrical conductivity, andcapability of being easily functionalized. In this research, after reviewing the attempts already performed on detection of DNA, in order to detect the four bases of DNA (G, A, T, and C) via electrochemical approach, graphene nanosheets were synthesized by the popular Hummer’s method and were deposited on a graphite rod by electrophoretic deposition with a vertical preferred orientation. To eliminate the... 

During the past few years, hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is of environmental concern due to its high toxicity and mobility. Therefore, removing it from industrial wastewater is of chief significance. In this research, efficient photocatalyst materials (xµLTiO2NPs@ZIF-8) for the reduction of Cr(VI) from water resources were firstly synthesized. This composite was prepared by an in situ method with zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 as the matrix. TiO2 and ZIF-8 were selected for their excellent stability in aqueous media, high photoactivity, non-toxicity, and high surface area. The structure of the as-synthesized materials was characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron... 

Samples of the V2O5 catalysts supported on nanostructures of TiO2 and γ-Al2O3 were synthesized via hydrothermal method for the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane (ODHP) to propylene. The TiO2 support was utilized in both commercial microstructures and prepared nanostructures from their corresponding salts. Furthermore,the γ-Al2O3 was also prepared from two novel methods. Moreover, the vanadium catalysts supported on hybrid TiO2 and γ-Al2O3 were prepared. The performances of the prepared catalysts were subsequently examined in a fixed-bed reactor. The main products were propylene, ethylene and COx.The vanadium catalyst over TiO2 and γ-Al2O3 had the best performance under the reactor test... 

Graphene is two dimensional nanomaterial, single layer of carbon atoms that exhibited excellent properties like high electrical conductivity and stiffness, but producing graphene and obtaining a good dispersion of graphene in a polymer matrix is still a major challenge. In this study by using the electrochemical route several graphene with different degree of oxidation produced in different electrolyte medium. According to XRD data, product of electrochemical exfoliation in dilute HNO3 medium includes 50% few-layer graphene (5 layers) and 25% GO and the rest are multi-layer graphene. Nonsolvent induced phase separation method were used to prepare TPU/Graphene nanocomposite. Different methods... 

In this study, growth of MWCNTs in form of thin film and powder for hydrogen storage was investigated. Different analytical techniques including SEM, TEM, STA, XRD, XPS, BET, BJH and Raman spectroscopy were applied to characterize the samples. The results showed that substrate, catalyst thickness and type of catalyst are influenced in yield of the growth, structure and quality of MWCNTs. The study has also indicated that MWCNTs grown on Fe-Pd bimetallic catalyst with 25-75 proportion had the highest growth yield. Moreover, decreasing of the growth temperature from 970 to 920 oC produced single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with high quality (IG/ID = 15.8) and low growth yield....