Sharif Digital Repository

Increasing demand, rising energy costs, and environmental concerns are some of the main challenges faced by the energy industry in upcoming years. With such a diverse set of issues, it is important to take a holistic approach to addressing these concerns and therefore transitioning to a smarter grid. Demand response (DR) has recently been introduced as a promising solution to these issues in the smart grid era. Since residential demand is a significant portion of the total system load, residential customers play critical roles in a proper implementation of DR programs. The main obstacle in broad implementation of residential DR is the low participation of customers in these programs. Lack of... 

Considering high potential of solar energy and exhaustibility of fossil fuels in Iran, using solar energy seems to be inevitable. But one of the main problems in the application of these systems is high investment and maintenance costs. So, in this thesis, suitable solution is presented for decreasing cost and optimizing of a solar absorption refrigerator based on developed energy model. This system consists of two CPC solar collectors and a thermal energy storage system using phase change materials that provides input energy to the generator of absorption refrigerator. The exergy efficiency of system components is calculated by relations of energy model and exergy analysis. Then... 

The aim of the present research project has been techno-economical analysis of using a CCHP (Combined Cooling Heating and Power) technology at the building of Sharif Energy Research Institute (SERI). The CCHP at SERI is supposed to supply energy required at the building. Useful energy demand at the building include heating in winter, cooling and air conditioning in summer, lighting and power requirement of electric appliance and equipments. Since there are many technologies that could be utilized as CCHP, an optimal model of energy supply system of the building has been developed in order to identify the most appropriate technology. The application of model has enabled techno logical... 

Today, the rapid and increasing growth of various human societies has led to an increased consumption of energy and the need for new resources. In fact, the excessive consumption of energy, especially fossil fuels, has caused adverse and sometimes irreversible effects on the human environment. Also, the consumption of different types of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas, leads to a significant increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. On the other hand, population growth and technological advancements in the last century have led to an increase in the demand for energy carriers. Therefore, the use of new energy sources instead of fossil fuels is an inevitable matter.... 

Nowadays, cement has become the cornerstone of any modern society especially in developing countries. But, cement production process is highly energy intensive and emits significant volumes of carbon dioxide.According to the latest reports, Iranian cement industry accounts for about 14.5% of total industrial sector’s energy consumption and this indicates the importance of sustainable development for cement industry concerning national energy and environmental constraints.Based on these facts, current study assesses the technology improvement opportunities particularly waste heat recovery power generation (WHRPG) technology for Iranian cement industry. This needs identifying optimized mass... 

Structural changes in the energy sector, including the need to diversify sources of energy supply, security of supply, energy consumption growth in developing countries, rising oil prices and the exhaustibility of fossil fuel reserves, environmental issues, increased consumption of petrochemical products etc., has led to increased share of natural gas in primary energy supply. Iran has a wide range of options to use natural gas endowment. The present research aims to develop a model for optimal allocation of natural gas to various applications.The gas distribution system is modeled in the present study. Technical onstraints together with economic characteristics are considered in the model.... 

The population growth and scarcity of resources such as water and land make the food security as one the most important critical priorities in the world. Development of food production in greenhousesinstead of the traditional agriculture in rural areas is an efficient and applicable approache to reach food security and optimum use of water resources. However, this requires more capital. An important part of this cost is related to the cost of energy supply for heating and cooling in order to provide a suitable condition for the growth of plants. Optimal design of a rural energy supply and optimal operation of existing greenhouses to maximize the benefit of the greenhouse owners and to... 

Depletion of fossil energy reserves and rapid growth of energy demand have been challenging issues in the energy sector. Proper solution of these issues requires development of an integrated and comprehensive approaches. Such conceptual framework could provide an appropriate means for studying energy problems and anlysing the development of efficient technologies which could improve the economic viability and reduce the impact of energy system on the environmental. Therefore, analytical tools need to be developed further and they could be applied for systematic analysis of impact of new energy technologies on the economical efficiency and environmental compatibility of energy... 

Increase in energy consumed by buildings, which constitute about 40% of the global final energy consumption and their respective contribution to CO2 emmission has led the building owners and users toward using on–site energy production systems and especially clean energy sources. The present research aims to find the optimal solution to the building energy supply problem under current and other possible circumstances. Energy Engineering Department of Sharif University of Technology has been selected in representation of educational buildings in Iran for case study. ESM software which is based on the MESSAGE model has been used as the modeling tool. Results state that under the current... 

Considering the increase of particulate matters in the last three decades in Tehran, many endeavores have been made in order to determine and recognize the contributing factors in the production of particulate matters. Although emission source of particulate matters is available in the form of emission inventories, these emission sources are not accurate and they need to be modified. By modeling the air pollution we can determine the relationship of pollution source and their effect on air quality.Modeling air pollution helps us to determine the relationship of pollution sources and their effect on air quality. Air pollution managers use models to determine the contribution of emission... 

In this thesis, the problem of building energy prediction modeling is investigated using system identification method. Since system identification method has lower error and high accuracy than other methods of building energy prediction. This method was used to model the energy prediction of the building of the Faculty of Energy Engineering.In this method, the different thermal areas of the building are divided into two groups: central and surrounding areas for modeling purposes. The sunscreens are not used in the model but are added to other system inputs in the thermal areas around these two inlets.Given that it is difficult to obtain planning for the presence of persons and the use of... 

In this study, pyrolysis features and corresponding kinetic behavior of non-metallic fractions of the paper-laminated phenol resin printed circuit boards (P-PCB) and fiberglass-reinforced epoxy resin printed circuit boards (E-PCB) were investigated by the use of simultaneous thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/DTG). The kinetic parameters of the P-PCB abs E-PCB during pyrolysis process were estimated from the experimental data by means of three iso-conversional kinetic models, including Friedman, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), and Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) methods. The activation energy range obtained for P-PCB and E-PCB utilizing the Friedman method was within 117–594.1 and 88.42-295.3 kJ.mol-1,...