Sharif Digital Repository

One of the major challenges in the manufacturing parts, especially metals, is turning with good/excellent surface quality, which has a significant effect on the fatigue strength of the industrial components. Selecting incorrect or unsuitable values of machining parameters leads to vibration instability in the cutting tool and as a result, excessive roughness is created on the product’s surface. Therefore, one of the ways to reduce the roughness factor and increase the product fatigue life is to control the relative slip and vibration between the cutting tool and the workpiece. To achieve this goal, the authors attempted to investigate the simultaneous effects of tool overhang and cutting... 

This research explored the corrosion effect of NaCl solution on the surface quality of AZ31 magnesium alloy. Cubic-shaped specimens were immersed in standard 3.5% NaCl solution for 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours. The size of corrosion pits, fatigue crack propagation area, and surface topology were characterized. Fatigue tests were carried out on pre-corroded AZ31 specimens under different stress amplitudes. The correlation between the corrosion time and the virtual crack size was obtained. The virtual crack size is a new parameter that can relate the corrosion to the fatigue life. A new model was proposed to map the surface topology on the virtual crack size of pre-corroded AZ31 magnesium alloy. The... 

Abstract: This study investigates and compares the effects of different shot peening treatments including conventional and severe shot peening on microstructure, mechanical properties, fatigue behavior, and residual stress relaxation of AISI 1060 steel. Shot peening treatments were applied with two Almen intensities of 17 and 21 A and a wide ranges of coverage (100%–1500%). Various microstructural observations were carried out to analyze the evolution of microstructure. Microhardness, residual stress and surface roughness measurements and also axial fatigue test were performed. Moreover, the extent of the residual stress relaxation during cyclic loading was investigated by means of XRD... 

This research explored the corrosion effect of NaCl solution on the surface quality of AZ31 magnesium alloy. Cubic-shaped specimens were immersed in standard 3.5% NaCl solution for 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours. The size of corrosion pits, fatigue crack propagation area, and surface topology were characterized. Fatigue tests were carried out on pre-corroded AZ31 specimens under different stress amplitudes. The correlation between the corrosion time and the virtual crack size was obtained. The virtual crack size is a new parameter that can relate the corrosion to the fatigue life. A new model was proposed to map the surface topology on the virtual crack size of pre-corroded AZ31 magnesium alloy. The... 

This investigation employed an interrupted torsion fatigue test using the linear amplitude sweep procedure to assess the intrinsic self-healing potential of unaged, aged, rejuvenated, and re-aged asphalt binders. Continuous oscillatory shear strain loading at different damage levels were interrupted with a single rest period of different durations. An index based on the decrease in crack length following the rest period (Ha) has been defined to accurately reflect the occurrence of healing. The results indicate that Ha is higher at lower damage levels and for longer rest-period durations. The amount of irreversible crack growth increased with an increase in crack propagation and aging level.... 

In this study, the fatigue behavior of composite reinforced cracked aluminum 1050 plates is investigated experimentally and numerically. The tests are conducted in four different stress ratios between 0 and 1. At first step, plates with similar cracks and geometries have been prepared. Then the glass/epoxy patches have been attached to the cracked plates using Araldite 2015 adhesive. Fatigue load has been applied to three cases of samples including non-patch, one-side patch and two-side patch, where in all stress ratios the maximum force is considered constant. A three-dimensional finite element analysis is developed in ABAQUS. A good correlation between finite element results and the... 

Ultrasonic Testing (UT) is one of the well-known Non-Destructive Techniques (NDT) of spot-weld inspection in the advanced industries, especially in automotive industry. However, the relationship between the UT results and strength of the spot-welded joints subjected to various loading conditions is unknown. The main purpose of this research is to present an integrated search system as a new approach for assessment of tensile strength and fatigue behavior of the spot-welded joints. To this end, Resistance Spot Weld (RSW) specimens of three-sheets were made of different types of low carbon steel. Afterward, the ultrasonic tests were carried out and the pulse-echo data of each sample were... 

Epoxy resins and their derivatives, such as composites and epoxy adhesives, are widely used in various industries. However, epoxy resins have low performance against dynamic loading and crack propagation. Graphene-based nanomaterials can improve the mechanical performance of polymeric composites because of their appropriate mechanical properties and high surface area. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Two-Dimensional Graphene Oxide (2DGO) and Three-Dimensional Nitrogen-Doped Graphene (3D(N)G) nanomaterials on the fatigue behavior of epoxy resin. 2DGO was produced by the modified Hummer's method and 3D(N)G was synthesised by hydrothermal process, followed by freeze-drying.... 

This paper presents the influence of the severe shot peening process on the fatigue life of the laser-cladded Inconel 718 specimens which can be employed during refurbishment of components enduring high mechanical cyclic loads such as gas turbine components. In order to quantitatively evaluate the destructive effect of laser cladding on the fatigue endurance, fatigue tests are first performed on the as-received and laser-cladded specimens. Then, microstructural analysis by scanning electron microscope (SEM) is carried out to identify the root causes of the drawback of laser cladding. Moreover, by employing a comprehensive laser-cladding FE analysis considering cyclic plastic material... 

The present study investigates experimentally the effects of different shot peening treatments, including conventional, severe, over, and re-shot peening on microstructure, mechanical properties, and fatigue behavior of AISI 1050 mild carbon steel. Different shot peening treatments were performed using various effective parameters by considering the influences of increasing Almen intensity and coverage. Optical microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy observations and X-Ray diffraction measurements were carried out to analyze grains refinement in each shot peening treatment. Microhardness and residual stress measurements were taken from shot peened surfaces to the core... 

In the present paper, a steering knuckle of a passenger car that serves as a highly critical component from the safety point of view, is considered to evaluate accuracy some of categories of the multiaxial fatigue criteria, through comparing their predictions with the experimental results. This component is subjected to the highest road- and steering-induced random and non-proportional loads that are exerted on several points of the component. The mechanical properties and fatigue strengths are determined experimentally and the fatigue life assessment tests are performed by the authors. Quantometric analyses and scanning electron microscope (SEM) have been employed to detect the failure... 

In this research, Linear Amplitude Sweep (LAS) test was conducted on several asphalt binders modified by different percentages of gilsonite and Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) polymer. Asphalt mixtures were also made from some of the study binders and tested for fatigue resistance using Four-point Bending Beam (FBB) fatigue test. The results showed that a strong correlation exists between LAS and FBB rankings at all the tested strain levels. Also, SHRP binder fatigue index (G∗sinδ), as a traditional binder fatigue index, was evaluated which did not show a strong correlation with either LAS or FBB tests. It was concluded that LAS test seems to be an effective binder fatigue test in predicting... 

This article presents a multi-scale progressive micro-mechanical fatigue model. The model employs fundamental equation of the kinetic theory of fracture to calculate damage parameters of both fiber and matrix during cyclic loading. In order to adapt the equation, required material coefficients of the constituents can be achieved from fatigue test results of longitudinal and transverse unidirectional composites, only. Sharing stress capacities of fiber and matrix are determined using a modified progressive micro-mechanical bridging model in the presence of damage. The damage parameters in the constituents are calculated employing two different equivalent scalars. However, during sinusoidal... 

In this study, fatigue, corrosion fatigue and electrochemical behaviors of butt-welded A106-B steel pipes were investigated. These pipes were subjected to mechanical and thermal cyclic stresses due to the internal pressure fluctuations and cooling-heating cycles. Residual stress measurements were carried out for three different depths through the thickness and were correlated to the microstructural observations and microhardness measurements. Results showed that the maximum tensile residual stresses existed at the boundary of weld metal and base metal because of the contraction-expansion effects resulting from phase transformations and cooling rate differences. Fatigue fractures occurred at... 

In the present study, the out-of-phase thermomechanical fatigue (OP-TMF) behavior of a cast aluminum-silicon-magnesium alloy, the A356.0 alloy which has been widely used in diesel engine cylinder heads, is compared to room-temperature and high-temperature low cycle fatigue (RT-, HT-LCF) behaviors. For this purpose, strain/temperature-controlled isothermal and non-isothermal fatigue tests were performed based on realistic loading conditions in cylinder heads. Fatigue tests results showed that the plastic strain increased during cycles under constant mechanical strain amplitude, while the specimen failed. Under LCF loadings, the cyclic hardening occurred at low temperatures for the A356.0... 

In this article, simulations of the stress-strain behavior in aluminum alloys were investigated under cyclic loadings at various strain rates. Four plasticity approaches were applied to simulate cyclic behaviors. To validate obtained results, strain-controlled tensile-compressive fatigue tests were performed in the low cycle fatigue regime. Isothermal fatigue experiments were conducted at various strain rates. Thermo-mechanical fatigue experiments were carried out at different rates of cooling and heating processes. Numerical results demonstrated a good agreement with experimental data at the mid-life cycle of the material. Material constants for different models were also presented for... 

In the present paper, an improvement in high temperature fatigue properties of the AZ91 magnesium alloy with rare earth elements has been obtained by a typical heat treatment, denoted by T6. For this objective, out-of-phase thermo-mechanical fatigue, room temperature and high temperature low cycle fatigue tests are performed to compare lifetimes. Several rare earth elements are initially added to the AZ91 alloy during a gravity casting process in permanent molds. Also, the type of the heat treatment is examined. Results of specimens with only the solution (the T4 heat treatment) and the solution with the ageing process (the T6 heat treatment) are compared under isothermal fatigue loadings.... 

This paper presents the fatigue lifetime of an aluminum-silicon-magnesium alloy, widely used in diesel engine cylinder heads, both with and without a thermal barrier coating (TBC) system. The coating system in this study consists of two layers including a 150 μm thick metallic bond coat and a zirconium oxide top coat 350 μm thick. These coating layers were applied on the substrate of A356.0 alloy by air plasma thermal spraying. The isothermal fatigue tests were conducted in low cycle fatigue (LCF) regime at various temperatures. Out-of-phase thermo-mechanical fatigue (OP-TMF) tests were also performed at different maximum temperatures and constraint factors. Experimental results demonstrate... 

In the present paper, an optimization of thermal barrier coating parameters is performed for diesel engine applications. The substrate is A356.0-T7, a cast aluminum alloy which has a vast application in diesel engines, and the alloy is coated by plasma sprayed ZrO2-8 wt.% Y2O3. Parameters including the feed rate of coating powders, the nozzle distance to specimen surfaces, and the coating thickness are optimized by thermal shock fatigue tests and bending tests. Optimum values of the feed rate and the nozzle distance are 30 g/min and 80 mm, respectively, when the objective is considered as maximizing the bending strength. Thermal shock tests demonstrate that lower thickness of coating layers... 

In this paper, effects of strain rate and mean strain on the cyclic behavior and the lifetime of aluminum-silicon alloys are investigated under thermo-mechanical and isothermal fatigue loadings. To achieve these goals, low cycle fatigue tests are accomplished at evaluated temperatures under various strain rates (by changing the loading frequency) and different strain ratios (minimum to maximum strain). Thermo-mechanical fatigue experiments are performed in an out-of-phase condition where the temperature varies between 50 and 250 °C. Various heating/cooling rates are taken into account to assess the strain rate effect and different starting temperatures are considered to study the mean strain...