Sharif Digital Repository

Many natural and engineering materials have a heterogeneous structure at a certain level of observation. These materials are often referred to as composite materials or multi-phase materials or heterogeneous materials. It has been widely recognized that many macroscopic phenomena originate from the mechanics of the microstructural constituents, such as inclusions, cracks, voids, etc. The size, shape, spatial distribution, volume fraction and properties of the microstructural constituents have a significant impact on the behavior of the material observed at the macroscale. The nature of hydrocarbon reservoirs as multi-phase porous media are known for heterogeneous media at various multiple... 

Magnetic levitation is an appropriate solution for noncontact 3D manipulation. Workspace of the previously proposed maglev systems is confined to a relatively small cube, which severely limits the application of this technology. In addition, most of the previously given mechanisms require the design and application of a subsystem in order to unify their magnetic field. In this paper, a moving magnet is proposed which results in a horizontally extendable workspace; moreover, the field unifying section is not needed since one electromagnet only is used. Further, details of the mechanism and finite element based design procedure of the magnet are presented. Dynamic equations of the system... 

In this study, the thermal buckling behavior of thin metal liner reinforced by composite shell in present of the initial imperfection is investigated. For this purpose, the Ryzener – Myndlyn shear-deformation theory & the virtual work method are used to extract equilibrium equations. In this work, the conical shell with c-c, s-s, c-f boundary conditions has been studied. The outer layer of reinforced composite is exposed to constant ambient temperature and iner layer is exposed to heat. Metal liner and reinforced composite shell are merged with together. In other words, the degrees of freedom at each node for both shells are assumed to be equal. Solution method is finite element method using... 

In this thesis a nonlinear thermomechanical model based on Lagrangian-extended finite element method is proposed to simulate discontinuities under thermal and mechanical loads. At first, a geometrically nonlinear model is presented for large deformation problems and then the model is completed by considering thermomechanical aspects. In extended finite element method, different enrichment functions are stated and also using analytical methods, a new set of functions are introduced to enrich the temperature filed around biomaterial crack tips. For numerical simulations, an object oriented code is created in C++. The results of numerical simulations are verified by the use of ABAQUS  

Isogeometric Analysis is one of the new methods for solving partial differential Equations which has special advantages compared to conventional methods such as the finite Element method. Some of these benefits can be used to approximate the geometry and solving the Equations governing the behavior of materials. Calculating the stress intensity factor at the tip of the Crack using classical method such as finite element method is done as well as IGA and gives Acceptable Results in linear range. Studying how to calculate these coefficients in combination with Isogeometric analysis method and comparing results with FEM due to novelty of the approach can have considerable importance for... 

Fracture is one of the most important engineering problems, and the lack of knowledge about this phenomenon will result in loss of life and property. Before the computer age, fracture mechanics has been studied by many analytical mechanics researchers; and after that, lots of attempts have been done to accurately model this phenomenon.
Finite element method, one of the best methods in Computational Mechanics, is common in computational fracture mechanics. Polygonal finite element is a new concept which has been recently applied in finite element analysis. This research utilized this concept in com-putational fracture mechanics. In another word, the crack discontinuity and crack tip... 

Chattering in cutting process is one of the destructive phenomena in machining, which results in ripple of workpiece surfaces. In this phenomenon, the displacement of the tool tip moves towards instability and the tool vibration continues. Eventually, the tool jumps or breaks out with relatively large shear forces, which leads to a reduction in the rate of production and machining. Since machining processes are very widespread, phenomenological studies of chatter have progressed in the field of modeling and empirical experiments. Research in the field of modeling is mainly intended to examine the dynamics of the tool in two ways: analytic and finite element. In these methods, there are... 

The human brain is the most sensitive and important human organ and surgery must be done with high precision and without risk. During surgery, brain tissue deform continuously due to gravity, out of the cerebrospinal fluid and the changing pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid and the surgical maneuvers. Because the surgeon has no direct view on brain internal, the ways to solve this problem is to pay attention. This method makes it possible to the surgeon see in the brain and the brain tissue deformation. This thesis method is based on biomechanical modeling. After forming finite element model from the pre-operative MRI, brain surface and volume datasets during surgery as a load, apply to the... 

Control of the product manufacturing and evaluating its behavior during deformation is one of the most important issues in hot deformation, especially hot rolling. One of the factors affecting on quality of hot rolled steel strips is the flatness after run-out table cooling.Distortion in a steel strip results from non-uniform temperature profile as the strip cools to room temperature. Increase in the rolling velocity and subsequently the cooling rate affect thermal stresses. In this study a mathematical model for prediction of austenite- ferrite phase transition kinetics and thermo-mechanical stresses on the run-out table after hot rolling was developed for low carbon ferrite steels.... 

In this study, hot extrusion of AA6061-%5 SiCp composite has been predicted and flow behavior of material during deformation process has been investigated. At the first step, hot compression tests have been carried out to obtain the flow behavior of the material at different temperatures and strain rates. In the next step, an FE-based temperature-displacement coupled model by employing ABAQUS software has been proposed in order to solve the energy and heat transfer equations and to determine the required energy and force for the extrusion process. Experimental investigations have also been performed to verify the proposed model. Comparison between the results from the model and the... 

In this work a mathematical model has been developed to predict large deformation of work piece in friction stir welding process. Commercially finite element package; ABAQUS is used to solve the governing equations while an elasto-viscoplastic materials behavior is utilized in the model. The model is capable of considering the effects of process parameters such as welding speed and tool geometry on various aspects of the process including temperature and stress distribution within the work piece as well as tool, and velocity and strain fields with in the work piece. Experimental works have been carried out to assess the accuracy of the model and also to determine the effects of various... 

In this research, the extrusion of composite AA6061-SiC has been investigated and the temperature distribution field and energy required for the process has been predicted. In this regard, to predict the flow behavior of material, hot extrusion tests conformed at various ranges of temperatures and strain rates. Afterward, the finite element method coupled with the upper bound technique to calculate the temperature distribution and energy required during hot extrusion. This model has also used for wire drawing and cold extrusion processes. The present model is capable of considering various process parameters such as speed of extrusion, reduction and the initial billet/die temperature on the... 

In machining processes, chip formation is one of the most important methods to obtain the final shape of a work-piece. Improving the machining processes leads to the increase in the material removal rate (MRR) and reduction of high economical costs. Vibration is an undesirable phenomenon in machining processes because it results in reduction of material removal rate (MRR), poor surface finish and increased tool wear. Among various types of vibration, self-excited vibration or chatter is the most important one. It is obvious from previous investigations that for prediction of machine tools vibration, many simplifications were assumed while the linear and non-linear effects are not considered... 

Sand production is a phenomenon of producing solid particles together with the reservoir fluid. Material degradation is a key process leading to sanding. Drilling operation, cyclic effects of shut-in and start-up, operational conditions and reservoir pressure depletion may gradually lead to sandstone degradation around perforations and boreholes. Sand production is a major issue and has an adverse impact on production cost that gas and petroleum industry have faced for decades. Corrosion of the pipelines and surface facilities, sand-oil separation cost, repeated shut-in and clean-up of the wellbore are some of the examples. On the other hand, a controlled sanding could be beneficial in... 

Processing an alloy can enhance its mechanical properties. Based on repeated radiation of high-power pulsed laser beam, laser shock peening (LSP) is one way to impart favorable residual stress in an alloy and to enhance its damage tolerance property. Study of overlapping LSP is possible through the simulation of limited laser shots. Still, its computational cost is higher than that of a single shot. This research, primarily, is aimed at improving a methodology for reduction of computations in the study of an overlapping LSP and its impacts on fatigue crack growth. Addressing research gaps by utilizing the methodology is the secondary goal. The methodology consists of plastic strain... 

Sever plastic deformation can be used for decreasing the grain size and increasing the mechanical properties. In this method a square or circular cross section specimen is passed from two intersecting channel with equal cross section. Thereby, a large plastic strain without change of cross section is produced in the specimen. This large strain is the main reason for the interest of researchers in many fields. In the experimental research fields, researchers can study the response of material in the large plastic strain range, investigation of stage III of hardening and after it, change of microstructure to submicron and Nano, and increase of strength simultaneously with preserving of... 

In the proccess of making key slots in lock parts, broaching is necessary. The only procedure or at least the best procedure for making the slots is broaching. High speed and precision, surface quality and the ability to create complicated surfaces in one step are the advantages that make broaching suitable for this product. The cost of tool maintainance and replacement is very important to make this process efficient economically, therefore, determining the factors affecting tool life are important for industries. The purpose of this study is to increase the life of narrow broaching tools. In other words, in this study, the purpose is to design and manufacture the tool in such a way that... 

Corneal keratoconus is one of the common eye diseases that usually occurs in the teenage years or the beginning of the third decade of life. In this disease, the cornea thins and loses its original shape and becomes conical. To treat this disease, ophthalmologists use different methods such as using glasses, contact lenses (hard and soft), corneal transplantation, and also corneal cross-linking, each of these methods has limitations, on the other hand, considering that The disease progresses and its severity increases, Ophthalmologists use corneal rings to treat this disease in more advanced stages, implanting a suitable ring in the patient's cornea both increases the strength of the... 

In this research, distribution of stress, strain and temperature fields in the strip and workroll were determined during steady state cold rolling process. To do this, first an initial guess based on the approach proposed by Hill for the velocity field was taken and accordingly, the real velocity distribution and then the strain rate and stress fields in the strip were calculated. Then, using the obtained stress and strain rate fields, the deformation power was determined and used as a boundary condition for solving the thermal behavior of the strip. By considering the Streamline Upwind Petrov-Galerkin method and solving the finite element relations, the temperature distribution within the...