Sharif Digital Repository

The Internet of Things (IoT) technology enables numerous things with different processing power and storage capacity to communicate and share data with each other. Considering the constrained devices of the IoT network in terms of processing and storage, designing a lightweight authentication scheme is quite important. So in this paper, we propose a lightweight authentication scheme based on Chebyshev Chaotic Maps. In the proposed scheme we apply a hierarchical structure to define different access controls for various entities. We then provide a formal analysis via the BAN logic to show the security of our scheme. Moreover, we compare our proposed scheme with previous ones in terms of... 

The Internet of Things (IoT) technology enables numerous things with different processing power and storage capacity to communicate and share data with each other. Considering the constrained devices of the IoT network in terms of processing and storage, designing a lightweight authentication scheme is quite important. So in this paper, we propose a lightweight authentication scheme based on Chebyshev Chaotic Maps. In the proposed scheme we apply a hierarchical structure to define different access controls for various entities. We then provide a formal analysis via the BAN logic to show the security of our scheme. Moreover, we compare our proposed scheme with previous ones in terms of... 

Fog computing provides a distributed computing paradigm that executes interactive and distributed applications, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Large-scale scientific applications, often in the form of workflow ensembles, have a distributed and interactive nature that demands a dispersed execution environment like fog computing. However, handling a large-scale application in heterogeneous environment of fog computing requires harmonizing heterologous resources over the continuum from the IoT to the cloud. This paper investigates offloading and task allocation problems for orchestrating the resources in a fog computing environment where the IoT application is considered in... 

Due to their impressive advantages, Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) systems are ubiquitously found in various novel applications. These applications are usually in need of quick and accurate authentication or identification. In many cases, it has been shown that if such systems are not properly designed, an adversary can cause security and privacy concerns for end-users. In order to deal with these concerns, impressive endeavors have been made which have resulted in various RFID authentications being proposed. In this study, we analyze three lightweight RFID authentication protocols proposed in Wireless Personal Communications (2014), Computers & Security (2015) and Wireless Networks... 

Due to their impressive advantages, Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) systems are ubiquitously found in various novel applications. These applications are usually in need of quick and accurate authentication or identification. In many cases, it has been shown that if such systems are not properly designed, an adversary can cause security and privacy concerns for end-users. In order to deal with these concerns, impressive endeavors have been made which have resulted in various RFID authentications being proposed. In this study, we analyze three lightweight RFID authentication protocols proposed in Wireless Personal Communications (2014), Computers & Security (2015) and Wireless Networks... 

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a new model that contributes to connect heterogeneous objects and devices. It can share information with any device globally. Furthermore, the sensor technologies, communications, networks, and cloud computing technology in the IoT are expected to be integrated into large-scale monitored spaces. The main infrastructure of monitoring in the IoT is based on wireless sensor networks. Saving energy and expanding the lifetime are significant properties of the sensor’s nodes in these systems. The efficient energy saving projects should develop appropriate energy consumption’s algorithms to improve the lifetime of the networks in the IoT systems. In this paper, a... 

Development of Internet of things (IoT) applications brings a new movement to the functionality of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) from only environment sensing and data gathering to collaborative inferring and ubiquitous intelligence. In intelligent WSNs, nodes collaborate to exchange the information needed to achieve the required inference or smartness. Efficiency or correctness of many smart applications rely on efficient, timely, reliable, and ubiquitous inference of information which may continually change in interaction with other nodes. In this paper, we introduce a framework which provides a generic solution for such common ubiquitous inferences. This framework brings the reliability... 

With the widespread use of Internet of Things (IoT) in every aspect of human's daily life, communications of such an enormous amount of existing embedded devices in these systems arise many new challenges from power consumption, performance, and reliability perspectives. Communications in an IoT infrastructure are managed by a set of policies which are determined by Objective Functions (OFs). Thus, OFs are the most important contributors in facing with the mentioned challenges. In this paper, due to the lack of information on how OFs affect the primary properties of an IoT infrastructure, we have compared three well-known OFs (OF0, MRHOF, and OFFL) from power consumption, performance, and... 

Energy consumption is an important issue in designing embedded systems and the emerging Internet of Things (IoT). The use of non-volatile memories instead of SRAM in these systems improves their energy consumption since non-volatile memories consume much less leakage power and provide better capacity given the same die area as SRAM. However, this can impose significant performance overhead because the write operation latency of non-volatile memories is more than that of SRAM. In this paper we presented an NVM-based data memory architecture for embedded systems which improves the performance of the system at the cost of a slight energy consumption overhead. The architecture employs... 

As the emergence of Internet of Things (IoT) brings the realization of ubiquitous connectivity ever closer, our reliance on these applications gets more important. Nowadays, such connected devices could be found everywhere, from home appliances to industrial control systems and environmental monitoring applications. One of the main challenges in IoT infrastructures is that of reliability, which emboldens itself in the context of Low-power and Lossy Networks (LLN) as they are inherently prone to packet loss as a result of their environmental and design constraints. Therefore, reliability of IoT devices becomes crucially important. With communication, the most important consideration in these... 

Lightweight authentication protocols are crucial for privacy preserving in Internet of Things (IoT). Authentication protocols should be implementable for devices with constrained memory and computational power in this area, in addition to resistance against cryptographic threats. On the other hand, these protocols should not impose a heavy computational load on such devices. In this paper we proposed an authentication protocol that properly meets these features. Our protocol is suitable for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In this protocol, authentication is fulfilled with low communication and computational loads between sensors and users through the gateway interface using a hash function... 

In this paper, we study the secrecy throughput of a full-duplex wireless powered communication network (WPCN) for Internet of Things (IoT). The WPCN consists of a full-duplex multiantenna base station (BS) and a number of sensor nodes. The BS transmits energy all the time, and each node harvests energy prior to its transmission time slot. The nodes sequentially transmit their confidential information to the BS, and the other nodes are considered as potential eavesdroppers. We first aim to optimize the sum secrecy throughput of the nodes. The optimization variables are the duration of the time slots and the BS beamforming vectors in different time slots. The optimization problem is shown to... 

By exponential increase in applications of the Internet of Things (IoT), such as smart ecosystems or e-health, more security threats have been introduced. In order to resist known attacks for IoT networks, multiple security protocols must be established among nodes. Thus, IoT devices are required to execute various cryptographic operations, such as public key encryption/decryption. However, classic public key cryptosystems, such as Rivest-Shammir-Adlemon and elliptic curve cryptography are computationally more complex to be efficiently implemented on IoT devices and are vulnerable regarding quantum attacks. Therefore, after complete development of quantum computing, these cryptosystems will... 

With the exponential growth in the internet of things (IoT) applications such as smart city and e-health, more embedded devices and smart nodes are connected to the network. In order to provide security for such resource-constrained devices, different cryptographic schemes such as public key encryption (PKE) are required. However, considering the high complexity and vulnerability of classic PKE schemes against quantum attacks, it is necessary to consider other possible options. Recently, lattice-based cryptography and especially learning with errors (LWE) have gained high attention due to resistance against quantum attacks and relatively low-complexity operations. During the past decade,... 

While the Internet of Things (IoT) shapes the future of the Internet, communications among nodes must be secured by employing cryptographic schemes such as public-key encryption (PKE). However, classic PKE schemes, such as RSA and elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) suffer from both high complexity and vulnerability to quantum attacks. During the past decade, post-quantum schemes based on the learning with errors (LWEs) problem have gained high attention due to the lower complexity among PKE schemes. In addition to resistance against theoretical (quantum and classic) attacks, every practical implementation of any cryptosystem must also be evaluated against different side-channel attacks such... 

Sensors are among essential building blocks of any Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs). Acquisition and processing of their sensory data contribute to the power consumption and computation load of the overall CPSs. For data acquisition, the conventional fixed frequency sampling in many such systems is sub-optimal since a sizable number of samples do not contain important information. In this work, we propose a Signal-Dependent Sampling (SDS) method and present its associated circuit implementation. Using the proposed SDS method, the number of retained samples is significantly reduced with little or negligible compromise in the quality of the (reconstructed) signal. The associated error and added... 

Stress is a body's natural way of responding to any kind of demand or challenge that everyone experiences from time to time. Although short-Term stress typically does not impose a health burden, exposure to prolonged stress can lead to significant adverse physiological and behavioral changes. Coping with the impact of stress is a challenging task and in this context, stress assessment is essential in preventing detrimental long-Term effects. The public embracement of connected wearable Internet of Things (IoT) devices, as well as the proliferation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) technologies, have generated new opportunities for personalized stress tracking and... 

In this paper, we propose a light-weight jamming-resistant scheme for the Internet-of-Things (IoT) in 5G networks to ensure high-quality communication in a two-hop cooperative network. In the considered system model, a source communicates with a destination in the presence of an untrusted relay and a powerful multi-Antenna adversary jammer. The untrusted relay is an authorized necessary helper who may wiretap the confidential information. Meanwhile, the jammer is an external attacker who tries to damage both the training and transmission phases. Different from traditional frequency hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) techniques that require a pre-determined pattern between communicating nodes, in... 

The Internet-of-Things (IoT) spans various applications in healthcare filed, from smart wearable or implantable sensors to remote monitoring of elderly, and medical device networking. In this paper, a jamming-resistant scheme for the healthcare IoT is proposed to provide secure and reliable data transmission in a two-hop cooperative network, where a source communicates with a destination in the presence of an untrusted relay and an active adversary. The untrusted relay is an authorized necessary helper who may wiretap the confidential information, e.g., the secret measured data of a patient, while the jammer is an external attacker who tries to interrupt the communication. Different from... 

Cooperative relaying can be introduced as a promising approach for data communication in the Internet of Things (IoT), where the source and the destination may be placed far away. In this paper, by taking a variety of realistic hardware imperfections (HWIs) and channels estimation errors (CEEs) into account, the secrecy performance of a three-hop cooperative network with a source, a destination and two consecutive amplify-and-forward (AF) relays is investigated. The relays are considered to be untrusted, i.e., while they are mandatory helpers for data transmission, they may overhear the received signals. We adopt the artificial noise injection scheme, to keep the source message secret from...