Sharif Digital Repository

In this paper, a dual-frame hybrid vector control (DFHVC) of vector-modulated VIENNA I rectifier is proposed. The purpose of this novel vector control system is not only to reduce second-order harmonic pulsation on the dc-side and consequently, to reduce odd-order harmonics on the ac side of VIENNA I rectifier under unbalanced mains, but also to ensure a near unity power factor operation of the rectifier under such circumstances. To serve this purpose, at first, a mathematical model of the VIENNA I rectifier under unbalanced condition is derived. In this model, besides demonstrating the nonlinear nature of the DC-link voltage dynamic, a new set of equations for current reference generation... 

A low-power high-speed two-stage dynamic comparator is presented. The voltage fluctuation at the first stage of the comparator (pre-Amplifier stage) is limited to V dd=2. Therefore, the power consumption of the first stage which is the dominant part of the total power consumption is reduced. The output voltage of the first stage is kept above V dd=2. As a result, during the comparison the second stage of the comparator (latch) is activated stronger compared to the conventional comparator. To prove the benefits of the proposed comparator, the proposed and the other circuits are simulated in the equal budget of power and offset. Simulation results prove that the proposed comparator is faster... 

High voltage power supplies (HVPS) are widely used to supply vacuum tubes. Regarding to their high efficiency, resonant converters are a choice of HVPS structure. In this application, HVPS is faced with wide variation of the load power. On the other hand, output voltage regulation over wide load range is essential. However, there are several problems dealing with resonant converters such as output voltage regulation and low-efficient performance in a light load. In this paper, a control scheme for a series-parallel resonant converter is presented. This scheme regulates the output voltage of the converter over load variation range. A variable inductor placed as the series inductor in the... 

The concepts of thermal radiation heat transfer are not tangible for many students. Experiments relied on various parameters can clarify the concepts of this mode of heat transfer.A lab-scale set up is described to study the thermal radiation heat transfer experiments. An electrical circuit of the thermopile sensor is designed and manufactured to provide experimental data.The validity of Inverse Square, Stefan-Boltzmann, and Kirchhoff Laws are investigated experimentally in the setup. Results indicate that, it is necessary to consider temperature shifts in the thermopile cold junction which is a potential source of error. Therefore, the output voltage, corresponding to the sensor... 

A fully integrated, low-cost (area), low-power, high-gain, differential Optical Receiver Analog Front-End (AFE), including Transimpedance Amplifier (TIA), Limiting Amplifier (LA), DC-Offset Cancellation Feedback and Output-Buffer is designed in TSMC 0.18μm CMOS Technology. The optimized TIA has a Regulated Cascode (RGC) topology, with 5.9mW power-dissipation, 48 dBΩ gain, 8.46GHz bandwidth. The Proposed Limiting Amplifier (LA) has an Inductor-Less topology, with 41.9dB gain, 91.1mW power consumption (including Output Buffer), output swing of 0.4VP-P, and bandwidth of 7.88GHz (Output-Buffer applied), using Built-in Active Inductors and Negative Miller Capacitance to broaden the bandwidth. The... 

A low-power technique for high-resolution comparators is introduced. In this technique, p-type metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors are employed as the input of the latch of the comparator just like the input of the preamplifier. The latch and preamplifier stages are activated in a special pattern using an inverter-based controller. Unlike the conventional comparator, the preamplification delay can be set to an optimum low value even if after the preamplification, the output voltages is less than n-channel metal-oxide semiconductor voltage threshold. As a result, the proposed comparator reduces the power consumption significantly and enhances the speed. The speed and power... 

In this paper CCM/CVM operation and modeling of the Sheppard-Taylor topology is reviewed and a predictive control strategy is applied for a Sheppard-Taylor-based power factor correction (PFC) rectifier. Compared to conventional boost or buck - boost PFC's, this topology allows a better current tracking at the AC side, with a relatively reduced voltage at the DC side. Consequently, the high frequency AC filters required by the buck PECs are avoided, and the voltage stresses on the boost switches are significantly reduced. Furthermore In predictive control strategy the duty cycle required to achieve unity power factor in a half line period can be calculated in advance. The main advantage of... 

This paper proposes an enhanced hybrid modular multilevel converter (MMC), which utilizes a combination of halfbridge submodules (HBSM) and at least one full-bridge submodule (FBSM). In the proposed structure, FBSMs work with half of the HBSMs nominal voltage in each arm. Due to the presence of FBSMs, HBSMs switching frequency drops significantly, which reduces the converter power loss compared to half-bridge based MMCs. Furthermore, because of redundant FBSMs, (2N+1)-modulation can be employed to generate the output voltage without increasing the circulating current, thus the converter performance is improved notably. Besides, with the redundant FBSMs the converter can continue its... 

In this study, a new LLC resonant converter for high-voltage high-power applications is introduced. The introduced power converter is a two-phase interleaved full-bridge based that uses a transformer with secondary and tertiary windings to obtain higher output voltage. Zero voltage switching (ZVS) at MOSFETs turn on and zero current switching (ZCS) for all the output diodes at turn off are achieved for a wide range of input voltage (100 V-200 V) and output power (200 W-1500 W) variations. Simulation results show a 95% peak efficiency. © 2021 IEEE  

A new low voltage bandgap reference (BGR) in CMOS technology, with high power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) is presented. The proposed circuit uses a regulated current mode structure and some feedback loops to reach a low voltage, low power and high PSRR voltage reference. The circuit was designed and simulated in 0.18um CMOS technology, with a power supply of 1.4 volt. The results show PSRR is 65dB at 1MHz and the output voltage variation versus temperature (-40 to 140) is less than 0.1%. This circuit shows robustness against process variation. ©2008 IEEE  

In this paper a novel T type scheme for 1-phase direct ac/ac converters is proposed. In this topology, frequency changing takes place directly (without common DC voltage bus) through three converters that are connected in a T structure. Unity power factor and precise output voltage regulation is achieved through appropriate control of these three converters. H-bridge converters are implemented, as the basic unit, in each branches of T to make the proposed converter. The converter is controlled such that the average active power of each H-bridges remains zero. So capacitors are implemented in DC links of H-bridges. In comparison to conventional back-to-back converters, life time of each... 

This article describes the development of an 18 kV, 30 kW power supply for a pulsed current load with the maximum current of 20 A and a di/dt equal to 100 A/μs. The achieved output ripple is less than 0.01%. In such a high level of precision, the most important issues are considerable difference between the instantaneous and average output powers, as well as insufficient reaction speed of the converter to the fast load change. Very low level of the voltage feedback and its sensitivity to the noise. The first issue necessitates a notable overdesign of the converter switches if the output voltage precision is dedicated to the converter. The second issue raises the problems relevant to... 

Controlling inverters with LC output filters in order to achieve a high quality desired output voltage or current is a challenging problem in power electronics. The LC filter and the binary nature of switch state variables increase the difficulty of achieving a single comprehensive model for the system. In this paper, a hybrid model is presented for a three-phase inverter with an LC output filter and a three-phase RL load. Then, the Model Predictive Control (MPC) algorithm is applied to the model and a geometrical approximate method is used to fit the answers to the binary values. Simulation results for a sample system verify the usability of the method and the quality of the answers  

In this paper, a new zero-voltage-switching high power-factor (PF) rectifier with Line-Modulated Fixed-Off-Time current control is introduced, that off time is a function of the instantaneous line voltage. The auxiliary circuit provides soft switching for all semiconductor devices, without any extra current and voltage stress on the main switches. The proposed converter is bridgeless, and all semiconductor devices are soft switched. In addition, there is no extra stress on the switches. Thus, the conduction and switching losses are reduced and maximum efficiency is achieved. A 250W, with an input ac voltage of 90265 Vrms and an output voltage 400 Vdc, 100 kHz is designed and simulated to... 

Passivity-based control (PBC) is based on a procedure including energy/power shaping and series/parallel damping injection to control several nonlinear systems such as power converters. In this paper, PBC is used to design a controller for three phase/level/switch PWM (Vienna I) rectifier. Passivity-based controller is supposed to regulate the output voltage and the input three phase sinusoidal currents to achieve unity power factor. Parallel damping injection is used for a controller design. Simulation results are presented to confirm the whole system performance and verify the analytical conclusions. It is also shown that the controller is robust to the load and (symmetrical) input... 

This paper investigates a predictive control strategy for a single-phase PFC rectifier exploiting the Sheppard-Taylor converter. By using this converter, the detuning problem occurring in conventional PFC rectifiers, especially at low input voltages, is avoided. This paper addresses a predictive method for designing the current controller of the Sheppard-Taylor PFC converter. The control law is derived for an ideal circuit as well as a more accurate model of the converter including parasitic elements. Input voltage feed-forward compensation provides sinusoidal input current and a desired output voltage even if the input voltage is distorted. To investigate the dynamic performance of the PFC... 

A high step-up converter including one active switch is presented in the present work. The introduced structure is a combination of Quadratic boost converter and Zeta converter; therefore, it features low input and output current ripples. The energy of leakage inductor is inherently recovered and the voltage spike on switch is perfectly mitigated. The voltage across diodes and switch is quite lower than the boosted output voltage which can be a prominent issue in high step-up converters. This can lead to employ switches and diodes with low conduction losses causing overall efficiency to increase. The converter function in CCM and DCM are analyzed, and the voltage conversion ratio along with... 

In this paper, the axiomatic design is introduced for controlling a power electronic converter. The main idea of axiomatic design is to introduce variables affecting the desired performances of the system most independently possible. The control process is presented for a Buck converter to achieve constant efficiency and output voltage ripple. ©2008 IEEE  

A novel control method is proposed for single-stage three-phase isolated buck+boost rectifier. The control method is based on the conventional cascade two-loop control structure and is modified to achieve constant instantaneous input power. Input voltages, output voltage, and DC-link inductor current are measured to control the power switches to achieve output voltage regulation as well as input power factor correction. In the proposed method, input currents are controlled such that input power is constant even for unbalanced mains. Thus for balanced mains converter behaves like an ideal rectifier, and for unbalanced mains, low-frequency harmonics of the output voltage are suppressed. The... 

In this paper, the Line-Modulated Fixed Off-Time method is used as the current control strategy for a Power Factor Corrector (PFC) pre-regulator. A zero voltage switching PWM (ZVS-PWM) auxiliary circuit is configured to perform ZVS in the switches. Soft commutation of the main switch is achieved without additional current stress. A significant reduction in the total conduction loss is achieved, since the circulating current for the soft switching flows only through the auxiliary circuit and a minimum number of switching devices are involved in the circulating current path .The proposed rectifier uses a single converter instead of the conventional configuration composed of a four-diode...