Sharif Digital Repository

According to authorities and statistical figures, Iran is seriously facing insufficient housing crisis. Studies show that through an increase of 1.5 million units in annual housing construction capacity, this crisis will be overcome in 5 years. Although successful execution of such a big project is not unprecedented in the world, housing experts believe fulfillment of this plan through traditional method of construction in the country is impossible. The country's capacity of industrialized construction which is known as the remedy, is only limited to 2-3% of total construction. Thus development of this approach through financial, legal, ... supports of investment in prefabrication... 

The main objective of this project is to take the first steps in designing power plants governor in Iran. In this work, we obtain a realistic model of a hydro-power plant including hydraulic characteristics from the dam to the outlet tail water, mechanically including: the turbine, the gates and all mechanical and dynamic parts, and electrically including generators, transformers and the consumption network. The model is used to simulate different working modes of turbine operation. The Bond Graph method is used for deriving the system equations and MATLAB software for simulations. A conceptual design of the governor is done and the governor model is combined with the turbine model. Using... 

The alloy steel plant was exploited in1999; and the maintenance department starts its function and its activities according to the written PM software by Austria’s BOHLER Company. The PM program was written for the entire factory. Having worked with the PM for eight years, now it is possible to evaluate its performance. There are two main problems in the maintenance system; firstly, the existing PM System is incomplete, some important feature of the PM program is incomplete. Secondly there are lacks of a good auditing system to evaluate the PM orders. To evaluate the weakness of the current PM system and to study application of TPM, a section of the factory was... 

The aim of the present research is to analyse feasibility study of manufacturing the disposable (Biodegradable) plant containers in Iran. The population of the research consists of the whole capacity for manufacturing this product and the similar product producers which have been registered in the Ministry of Industry, Mines and Commerce. First, in this research, the environmental and anti-environmental impacts of non-plant Disposable Containers like: plastic, foam, paper and aluminum have been discussed and also their disadvantages have been examined to be compared with advantages of using plant Disposable Containers. Thereafter, collecting the required data about today society and market,... 

Wind power is site dependent and is by nature partially dispatchable. Furthermore, good wind sites are far from grid. Due to these problems, and along with the existing limitations in the transmission networks, a comprehensive analysis over an extended time is needed to properly explore all potential wind sites for wind capacity allocation. This problem is computationally expensive and decomposition methods are required to break down this problem. Here Benders decomposition approach is used, which is a popular technique for solving large-scale problems, to decompose the original problem into a master and a subproblem. The master problem is a linear problem, which allocates wind capacity to... 

Industry Success leads to the use of fossil fuels in communities that result to climate change in the world. Among these effects, there is the effect on the severity, extent and duration of precipitation. Hydroelectric plants are clean and cheap energy resources in the world that due to the use of water, the phenomenon of climate change are very impressionable. Regarding high costs of construction and maintenance of these dams in order to exploit their lengthy; Impact of climate change on them is important issue.
In this research, first a nonlinear optimization model to maximize hydroelectric power generation by genetic algorithms in the MATLAB software environment has been developed.... 

Research for renewable energy has grown considerably over the last years. Osmotic energy is a form of renewable energy which is not yet used at commercial scale, but have a large potential to used at commercial scale soon. Osmotic power is a technique that converts the difference of molar free energy between fresh water and salt water into electricity. Pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) is the most frequently studied process of osmotic energy. In PRO two solutions of different salinities are brought into contact by a semipermeable membrane that only allows the transport of water and retain the solute. Positive developments in recent years initiated new studies to the exploitation of osmotic... 

In this thesis, we determine the optimal capacity of the power plants considering site specifications and Flow Duration Curve and evaluating economic parameters. Finally a design with more sufficient economical and hydrualical performance would be selected. The optimization algorithm used in this thesis is called "Charged System search" that is one of the newest meta-heuristic algorithms. This algorithm is inspired by the coulomb and gauss's laws of electrostatics in physics and utilizes a number of charged particles which influence each other based on their fitness values and their separation distances considering the governing law of coulomb.The proposed method in this thesis can be... 

In this reaserch by comparing some of the recent litreture on indentification production Function,we estimate total factor productivity. We focous on parametric methods, especially Blundell and Bond (2000), Ollay and Pakes (1996), Levinsohn and Petrin (2003) and OLS.Using panel data on plant-level of 4-digits isic in Iran from 1380 to 1390. We choose Levinsohn and Petrin (2003) as the most appropriate estimator then we use that estimator for estimating productivity of plants. At the end we investigate the relation between firm size and productivity, also its ownership and productivity  

In this research, a review on fluoride adsorption revealed that the modification of the adsorber surface with ions like Ca2+ results in great enhancement of the fluoride adsorption. It seems that the enhancement in fluoride adsorption by the modified adsorber, is mainly due to the selective chemical binding of the fluoride ion with the surface-bound ion (Ca2+), regardless of the base material itself. In order to confirm this hypothesis, two different adsorber materials namely, γ-alumina (a material, conventionally used for fluoride removal from water and wastewater) and Micro-silica (a mineral with small adsorption capacity for fluoride) were selected for further study. It was found that the... 

This project aims to evaluate the performance of turbine generators of various kinds that are used in Manjil wind farm, based on the measured results over a period of operation and comparing them with simulation results of the same turbine generators. It also contains a comparative study with newer types of variable speed. The results of this study can be useful to examine the actual results of operation and design characteristics of the existing turbine, and also the possible advantages of using variable speed wind turbines at Manjil wind farm. Other goal of this project is to evaluate the performance of wind farm thorough turbines’ simulation results and measured result of plant’s fiders... 

Vulnerability of water and sewage infrastructure in Kish Island survey versus natural and unnatural threats. It is important to know what to do when crisis or unpredicted event occurs in the Island. Decision makers and master managers of the Island, as the main custodians make suitable and effective reactions and decisions so that the impact of threats is reduced to minimum. According to the threats, there are short term and long term solutions. These solutions can be applied when the Island is encountered with crisis  

Hydro power is a clean energy resource which has numerous advantages over other renewable energy systems including competitiveness with fossil fuel systems, high reliability, considerable potential, and availability of technology. These advantages have drawn attention to hydropower systems. Small Hydro Power (SHP) systems can be used for supplying the demand of rural and remote areas where electricity network rarely exists. SHP may also provide an investment opportunity. Comprehensive analysis of design features and operation of SHP and management of risks involved requires development and application of reliable analytical tools. The present research aims at developing a model for optimal... 

Electric power is considered as one of the prerequisites of development in many countries. In recent years distributed electric power generation has attracted much attention. Small hydro potentials are considered as the most economical method of harvesting renewable energy and a suitable solution for earning income.In the last two years, a project was defined for Sharif University of Technology by Iran hydro-power authorities with the goal of spotting hydro potentials and design, manufacture and installation of three types of micro hydro powerplants for the first time in Iran. One of these powerplants use a micro Cross-Flow turbine. Although the prototype manufactured for this project is a... 

During production process in Uranium Conversion Facility (UCF) plant at Isfahan, the liquid waste containing uranium compounds, is directed to evaporation lagoons. Gradually, a considerable amount of precipitation will form at the bottom of these lagoons. Uranium concentration in this precipitation is very high and can range from tens of ppm to the order of a few weight percent. As such, it seems that uranium recovery from the UCF waste liquid is not only economically advantageous, but also effective for protecting the environment.The liquid waste resulting from the uranium extraction process contains a great amount of Fluoride ( ppm or higher) which cannot possibly be thrown away into... 

Regarding the reduction of high qualified and accessible resources, the waste water treatments are accounted as one of the main challenges in environmental context. Surprisingly, with or without consideration of this issue can lead to play the crucial key in whether development or society retardation. With developing and being more sophisticated of waste water treatment technology and also rising the stringency of environmental constraint, approaching the optimum technology basis economics of scale is time consuming and complicated.Behind this concept, contribution of this study is twofold. The general approach of treatment is identified using AHP methodology in primary stage. After that, it... 

Process optimization is a technique by which the plant operating condition is obtained such that a specific objective is achieved while the other process requirements are still met. These requirements can include product quality specifications, physical equipment limitations, and the constraints corresponding to the environmental, health, and safety issues. Frequently, this objective is an economic one. In the process optimization, the use of improper optimization techniques may lead to impractical results. One of these strategies is the plant wide optimization. In order to show the effect of plant wide optimization, one should use a complicated enough process as a bench mark of the... 

The most important task of a power system is generating and transmitting electricity for consumers, according to electricity quality standards. One of these quality criteria is preservation of grid frequency close to nominal value with continuity of energy delivery to consumers. Electricity is a specific commodity that its generation and consumption should be equal continually; otherwise the network frequency will change and may become unstable, causing severe damage to the network equipment. There for different control and protective actions are deployed to maintain balance between generation and consumption, and thus to keep grid frequency close to nominal value. Characteristics of... 

LOOP accident is one of the most important accidents in NPPS and it leads to loss of power supply of the RCP pumps which are the main pumps of primary circuit. Subsequently trip of the rector occurs. In safety analysis, concerning worst conditions, assumes that after a small period of time, main generator of plant stops working and loss of AC power supply of all power plant loads including safety systems ocures. To control of this accident, it’s necessary to startup and load backup power supply system (EDGs) for at least one safety channels, if not, the accident moves forwards and becomes S.B.O accident which is more important accident that ends to core damage because of stops working of all...