Sharif Digital Repository

Sensor runout is one of the main sources of harmonic disturbances in active magnetic bearing systems. This type of the disturbance not only causes harmonic vibrations in the system but also changes the steady-state position of the axis of rotation from the geometric center of the AMB. In this paper, an integral adaptive observer is proposed to identify the dc and harmonic content of the sensor runout and to estimate the states of the system at the same time. The Lyapunov method is used to prove asymptotic stability of the proposed observer. Unlike the proportional observer which amplifies the measurement error, the sensor runout can be completely compensated when the states of the integral... 

Estimation of major turbocharger variables is essential for proper control and monitoring of a turbocharged engine. This work presents a novel algorithm to estimate turbocharger rotator speed, air temperature downstream a compressor and flow rate over the compressor using mean value models of engine subsystems. A nonlinear Luenberger observer is designed for a 1.7-lit gasoline turbocharged engine. The designed observed is shown analytically to be asymptotically stable. Performance of the designed observer is experimentally validated with the data collected from the engine. The results indicate the observer can capture major turbocharger's rotational dynamics and estimated turbocharger... 

Estimation of major turbocharger variables is essential for proper control and monitoring of a turbocharged engine. This work presents a novel algorithm to estimate turbocharger rotator speed, air temperature downstream a compressor and flow rate over the compressor using mean value models of engine subsystems. A nonlinear Luenberger observer is designed for a 1.7-lit gasoline turbocharged engine. The designed observed is shown analytically to be asymptotically stable. Performance of the designed observer is experimentally validated with the data collected from the engine. The results indicate the observer can capture major turbocharger's rotational dynamics and estimated turbocharger... 

Aims. We present 11 high-precision photometric transitobservations of the transiting super-Earth planet GJ≠1214≠b. Combining these data with observations from other authors, we investigate the ephemeris for possible signs of transit timing variations (TTVs) using a Bayesian approach. Methods. The observations were obtained using telescope-defocusing techniques, and achieve a high precision with random errors in the photometry as low as 1 mmag per point. To investigate the possibility of TTVs in the light curve, we calculate the overall probability of a TTV signal using Bayesian methods. Results. The observations are used to determine the photometric parameters and the physical properties... 

In this study, adaptive observer-based synchronization of chaotic systems is considered. The master and slaves systems have different dynamics and it is assumed that the master system parameters are unknown while its states are available. First, it is assumed that the slave system parameters are known but its states are not completely available. It is shown that an observer for the slave system can be designed and applied for the purpose of synchronization. Based on a Lyapunov function, an adaptive law for master parameters estimation and a control law for the synchronization goal are extracted. Stability of the entire system including the observer dynamics has been proved. Further, it is... 

Finding the optimal location for sensors is a key problem in flow estimation. There are several location models that have been developed recently for vehicle identification (ID) sensors. However, these location models cannot be applied to large networks because there are many constraints and integer variables. Based on a property of the location problem for vehicle ID sensors, given the initial vehicle ID sensors that are pre-installed and fixed on the network, this article presents a solution that greatly reduces the size of this location problem. An applied example demonstrates that when 8% of the arcs from a real network that are randomly selected have a vehicle ID sensor, the reductions... 

This paper proposes a solution for multiple-impulse orbital maneuvers near circular orbits for special cases where orbital observations are not globally available and the spacecraft is being observed through a limited window from a ground or a space-based station. The current study is particularly useful for small private launching companies with limited access to global observations around the Earth and for orbital maneuvers around other planets for which the orbital observations are limited to the in situ equipment. An appropriate cost function is introduced for the sake of minimizing the total control/impulse effort as well as the orbital uncertainty. It is subsequently proved that for a... 

In this paper, a singularity-free approach is proposed for controlling three well-known chaotic systems namely Lorenz, Chen and Lu. The control design guarantees the regulation of two states and boundedness of the remaining state. The stability of the proposed scheme has been shown using the Lyapunov stability theorem. Implementation of the proposed control technique requires system states, while in most of practical applications only the system output is available. To overcome this problem, a nonlinear observer is coupled with the controller. Simulation results have illustrated the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed schemes. If the control action is applied to the second system... 

In this paper, designing of the LQR controller and observer with intelligent tools for the triple inverted pendulum is investigated. Intelligent tools are considered as GA and GA-PSO optimization algorithms and fuzzy logic to qualify achieving LQR gains. The pendulum is swung up from the vertical position to the unstable position. The rules for the controlled swing up are heuristically achieved such that each swing results are controlled. The inverted pendulum and cart system are modeled and constructed their equation based on energy method. Also, the performances of the proposed fuzzy logic controller, GA and GA-PSO tuning LQR gains are investigated and compared. Simulation results show... 

Following the approach of the induced-matter theory, we investigate the cosmological implications of a five-dimensional Brans-Dicke (BD) theory, and propose to explain the acceleration of the universe. After inducing in a four-dimensional hypersurface, we classify the energy-momentum tensor into two parts in a way that, one part represents all kind of the matter (the baryonic and dark) and the other one contains every extra terms emerging from the scale factor of the fifth dimension and the scalar field, which we consider as the energy-momentum tensor of dark energy. We also separate the energy-momentum conservation equation into two conservation equations, one for matter and the other for... 

This article proposes a multi-objective goal programming based approach with two objectives of maximizing the reliability and minimizing the placement cost of Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) for full observability in power systems. The weighted sum goal programming formulation incorporates the reliability of individual PMUs and finds a placement to resolve the conflicting objectives of minimum number of PMUs cost-wise and maximum level of system-wide reliability. This multi-objective problem is formulated as a nonlinear goal programming model in which weights are associated with the objectives. The model is solved for several weight scenarios for the IEEE 14, 30, 57 and 118 bus test systems.... 

This paper deals with the robust finite time tracking of desired trajectories for a wide group of robotic manipulators in spite of unknown disturbances, uncertainties, and saturations of actuators while only manipulator's positions are available and its velocities are not measurable physically. A new form of chattering-free second order fast nonsingular terminal sliding mode control scheme is introduced to design input torques for fulfilling the determined tracking objective in the adjustable total finite settling time. The proposed control algorithm is incorporated with two nonlinear observers to estimate disturbances and velocities of joints within finite settling times. The global finite... 

A dynamical hybrid observer is proposed for online reconstruction of the active mode and continuous states of Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) processes as an integral part of a hybrid control system. A mode observer is designed for estimation of the active mode, and the continuous spatial profiles are estimated by a Distributed and Decentralized Switching Kalman Filter. The proposed hybrid observer has been applied, in silico, for a two-bed, six-step PSA process. The active mode of the process along with the continuous spatial profiles of its adsorption beds have been estimated quite accurately based on very limited number of noise corrupted temperature and pressure measurements. © 2017  

In this paper, we propose a method for maintaining the region visible from a moving point observer inside a planar scene. In this method, we check the observer position in discrete time-stamps to detect and apply changes to the visible or illuminated region of a moving point observer q, or VP(q). We efficiently maintain a list C(q) of edges in VP(q) which are subject to change during the motion. In each time-stamp that VP(q) is to be updated, we only refine and redraw the view against the edges of C(q) that indicate the positions of the visibility changes. We build an enriched representation of the visibility graph in a preprocessing step to apply the required updates on C(q) efficiently and... 

This study presents optimal placement of Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) for the purpose of power system observability using topology based formulated algorithms. The optimal PMU placement problem is formulated to minimize the number of PMUs installation subject to full network observability. The Branch and Bound (B and B) and genetic algorithm optimization methods are selected to solve the problem, which are suitable for problems with integer and Boolean variables. Topology-based algorithm used for observability analysis and a hybrid method of topology transformation and nonlinear constraint is used to form constraints. The IEEE 14, 30, 57 and 118-bus and the New England 39-bus test systems... 

We present high-precision photometry of two transit events of the extrasolar planetary system WASP-5, obtained with the Danish 1.54-m telescope at European Southern Obseratory La Silla. In order to minimize both random and flat-fielding errors, we defocused the telescope so its point spread function approximated an annulus of diameter 40 pixel (16 arcsec). Data reduction was undertaken using standard aperture photometry plus an algorithm for optimally combining the ensemble of comparison stars. The resulting light curves have point-to-point scatters of 0.50 mmag for the first transit and 0.59 mmag for the second. We construct detailed signal-to-noise ratio calculations for defocused... 

The trip demand information in the form of the origin-destination (OD) matrix is an essential input to the transportation studies. Obtaining such a matrix by conventional methods needs considerable amount of time, cost, and manpower. Since obtaining traffic volume data for the links of the transportation network is easy, recently many researchers have tried to obtain trip demand matrix by using this information. Among them, Spiess introduced the gradient method which is applicable for real large scale networks. The gradient method is an iterative procedure which starts from an initial O-D matrix and at each iteration tries to reach a matrix which generates flows closer to the observed flows... 

In this study, a stable observer-based feedback controller has been designed for treatment of hepatitis C infectious disease under interferon (IFN) therapy. In order to consider the memory behavior and uncertain nature of this biological system, an unknown dynamics fractional-order (FO) model has been utilized for describing the interactions between the healthy cells, infected cells, and hepatitis C virus (HCV). To cope with unknown dynamics, the fuzzy logic system (FLS) has been utilized. Limitation of the drug efficacy due to its negative side effects has been taken into account as an input saturation. In order to estimate the unknown states which are required for treatment, a full-order...