Sharif Digital Repository

Oil and gas upstream, is one of the major parts of the energy chain in the world. Processes of production, transportation, processing and conversion of energy carriers are the main parts of this sector. Process units of oil and gas upstream industry are some of most local and global pollution resources in the world. In this research, the consideration of the pollutions from the production, processing and conversion of fossil fuels sector and the optimization of the management choices of each pollutant is subjected. Consideration of the pollutants related to the upstream sector, pollution control and management choices, cost accounting of the environmental impacts, the methods of accounting... 

This project examines four alternatives such as pipelines, oil injection wells, LNG & GTL in the purpose of Iran gas utilization. In this Project four strategies using cost/benefit analysis are examined. For this purpose, at first the cost of inlet feed gas per Mmbtu are calculated. Then regarding various scenarios of average world gas prices for the following thirty years, the cost & benefit of any way will be counted. Then with the use of energy security, the project will make energy policy. For this purpose, Shannon indicator will be used as one of the most reliable indicators. Due to the of use this indicator, the popular project will be chosen accordingly as a certain amount of gas the... 

Considering the drastical increase of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, especially carbon dioxide, reduction of these gases seems necessary to combat global warming. Fossil fuel power plants are one of the main sources of CO2 emission. In this paper, CO2 capture from a natural gas fired steam cycle power plant using oxy-fuel combustion technology is studied. The Integrated Environmental Control Model (IECM) developed by Carnegie Mellon University was used to evaluate the effect of this capture technology on the plant efficiency and economic parameters of the system. Since the oxygen production plant, CO2 capture and transport are cost and energy intensive, the cost of electricity generated... 

In the present work, the dynamic charactristics of an oil lubricated journal bearing are identified by experimental modal test. First other similar articles were studied. Then according to requrements and specifications of the bearing, a test bed is designed and constracted by existing technologies to perform tests and to collect required data. The test bed consists of several parts, including rotary shaft, stator, oil supply pack, dynamic force shaker and various sensors, which are constructed and assembled with very precise tolerances. In order to identify the dynamic coefficients of the bearing, the test process was performed using dynamic and static forces and collecting required data.... 

Heavy fuel oil (HFO) is usually consumed in large scale furnaces, e.g., those of power plants. Experience shows that its combustion produces large amount of NOx emission. In present study, a large scale heavy fuel oil fired furnace is numerically simulated to investigate different possible solutions for NOx reduction. In this regard, a computational framework is firstly designed benefiting from the researches reported previously in literature. The results of this framework are then compared with available measurements to evaluate the accuracy of current designed computational framework. Second, the influences of a number of different controlling parameters are studied carefully to improve... 

The lubricating oil is commonly used to cool down the moving parts of turbine gas systems. In many applications, this oil is cooled down using a recirculating water circuit. The water is then cooled down using an air-cooled heat exchanger. Any deficiency in aerothermodynamic design of such heat exchanger would result in high temperature of gas turbine moving parts such as bearings. Obviously, this mal-performance has adverse effect on the lifetime of these parts and their maintanence aspects. Since the good performance of air-cooled heat exchanger has numerous advantages for the performance of related gas turbine unit, it is mandatory to design these heat exchangers in minimum sizes and... 

We investigate the effect of the war between Russia and Ukraine on the capital market indexes of Russian through the intermediate variable of oil price. We use the Moscow Stock Exchange for the capital market, and OPEC and West Texas Intermediate for the oil price. We apply the two-factor asset pricing model, the results of which are based on the data of the years 2020 to 2021 (before the war) and during the year 2021 (during the war). Our results show that, with a few exceptions, the price of oil does not have a significant effect on the capital market indexes of the Moscow Stock Exchange. The event of the war within less than a year has been able to change the existing significant... 

In the contemporary world, especially after the financial crisis, the importance of financial flow and working capital management for companies has become more important than ever. There have been various ways to meet the financial needs of companies in the past. Financing methods such as giving capital from investors and receiving loan, from the past, to new methods such as supply chain financing, which have been the major part of financing researches since 2005.Conversely, companies interact together to meet the needs of end customers and thus form a supply chain in which the product / service of each company, input and raw material of the company Forms the next. This chain of... 

How does retirement plane affect retirement decision? This paper uses the data of 24,000 retirees of oil industry of Iran between 1996 and 2016 to answer the question. We calculate Accrual, Option Value, and Peak Value to evaluate retirement behavior. These variables calculate the difference between utility of retirement in the current year and some time in the future. Theoretically we expect that higher values in these variables lower the probability of retirement. We use two types of probabilistic models, linear and non-linear. In the linear model we run a pooled OLS and in the non-linear model we use a Probit model to estimate the effect of the variables above on the retirement... 

Using a panel dataset of oil discoveries and oil prices, this thesis studies the effect of oil wealth on protection of property rights in 56 oil countries between 1995 to 2018. Controlling for year fixed effects and country fixed effects, We show that this association is affected by the ownership of oil in this countries. In countries that government is owned all the oil industry, a strong correlation is observable between oil wealth and property rights policies. But in countries that private ownership on oil is legal and the government is not monopolist in the oil ownership, this correlation is insignificant. This results are robust with controlling the GDP per capita, political regime... 

The Contagion of markets to each other, due to their role in the occurrence of financial crises and the transmission of shocks, is an important topic in the financial literature. In this dissertation, we study this issue by examining the number of positive and negative co-exeedances in the oil market and Tehran Stock Exchange. The data examined are the daily time series of Tehran Stock Market Index and Oil Prices (WTI) in the period of 2009 to 2019.First of all we find the time cut-off rate of the daily returns of the stock indexes of different industries and of oil prices, using the generalized Pareto distribution (GPD). Then we count the number of days when the returns have negative or... 

In this research, we develop a Real Business Cycle model for Iran, as Small Open Economy. In this model, which is designed to measure the role of oil price shocks in Iran’s business cycles, the positive oil price shocks, as well as increasing the revenue of exporting oil, raises the price of oil-based tradable goods. Additionally, it causes the fiscal policy variables (taxes and government expenditures) to change. Also the productivity of this economy is fluctuated by oil price fluctuations. The model is estimated via Impulse Response Function Matching method using a SVAR model as the auxiliary model. The results from the theoretical model show that near 50 percent of non-oil GDP cycles and... 

This study investigates the effect of commodity price shock, including oil and base metals prices, on Tehran exchange and industries stock returns. These industries have the largest market share in Tehran exchange and may heavily depend on global prices. Using weekly data from 1387 to 1396, Multifactor and VAR models are performed to analyze the variance decomposition and impulse response function of each industry to 1% price shock. In addition to global prices, some macroeconomic factors that are likely to affect stock returns are considered. The results show that commodities price shocks have dynamic and significant effects on stock returns  

The procyclical behavior of public investment expenditure in OECs is one of the main channels through which the blessing of the natural resource abundance turns into a curse. The focal issue about the public investment expenditures in OECs is the misallocation and the inefficiency of these expenditures which often appear in the form of white elephants- i.e. government investment projects with large scale and high social/political prestige for the politicians implementing theme, but with negative economic return- especially in the oil booms. Moreover, the imprical evidence shows that the efficiency of public investment management in OECs is positively and significantly correlated with the... 

The abstract is the most important section of the thesis because many readers limit most of their reading to abstracts, saving in-depth reading for specific theses. It should give the reader a "preview" of what's to come. The abstract should emphasize new and important aspects of the study or observations. The purpose of the abstract is to allow researchers to decide whether or not to read the whole thesis. The abstract is what researchers read first to decide if the thesis is important, interesting, and it allows them to assess the relevance of a thesis to their own research, without having to read the entire thesis. Thus, it is crucial that the abstract both summarize succinctly the key... 

This paper studies and compares the effect of "Dutch disease" in Iranian economy in two periods of rising oil price (1973-1978) and (2004-2010). The study presents a DSGE model to analysis the behavior of economic variable in both periods and to address this question that whether or not policy maker has learning behavior. The model consists of households, final goods producers who divided in tradable goods and non-tradable goods sector and the government. I use calibration methods to estimate models parameters.Comparison of simulated results and the actual macroeconomic variables in Iran during 1338-1390 indicates that, first of all Dutch disease effect occur in both periods of oil shock so... 

This thesis has two section. In the first section, this thesis studies the dynamic behavior of daily oil prices and finds strong evidence of GARCH as well as conditional jump behavior. This implies that conditional heter oscedasticity is present and the empirical distribution of oil price changes has heavy tails. Thus, the oil price consider ably sensitive to news and does not settle around along-run trend.In the second section This thesis investigates the out-of-sample value-at-risk (VaR) forecasts in gulf cooperation council stock markets by considering both oil volatilities and the developed GARCH model construction. The em-pirical results indicate that the Oil GARCH model with... 

Fiscal sustainability in Iran is essential for the government to make sure to sustain its current policies in the long run without defaulting on liabilities or expenditures. On the other hand, fiscal sustainability in Iran, as an oil-exporting country, is essential to prevent fluctuations in macro economy in short run due to fluctuations in oil price. In this paper, by simulating two models, the sustainable level of government expenditures and primary non-oil budget deficit are calculated. The first model shows the optimal use of oil revenues. In the second model government decides to cut using oil revenues in budget; based on this aim, the revenues allocated to expenditures and saving are... 

On the contrary to common explanations of fertility transition in the Iraninan Economy there has been a growing human capital without decline of fertility for some decades followed by a rapid fall in fertility without a higher growth of human capital during the next decades. Accounting for these facts we propose a new link between subsidies financed by exogenous oil revenue and the evolution of fertility and human capital. While the educational subsidy accelerates the growth of human capital, the presence of financial subsidies keeps fertility from declining. Then, fertility declines with sizeable delay but sharply because (i) high fertility in first generations implies a growth rate of... 

In this research, we investigate the role of oil and degree of dependence to it on nexus between financial development and growth volatility. The link between financial development and growthvolatility has been the focus of extensive literature, but no empirical study has been investigated the role of oilin relationship between financial development and growth fluctuations. By using information of 78 developing countries (11 oil exporting and 67 non-oil countries) during 1983-2008, we construct a dynamic model. Difference GMM technique is used to estimate the model. Our findings show that negative impact of financial development on volatility of GDP, Investment and Consumptiongrowth is...