Sharif Digital Repository

It is more than a century to study qualitative and quantitative behavior of structures against earthquakes will be benefited from laboratory studies. In fact, the best method for observing the behavior of a structure during an earthquake is earthquake simulation on the structure. Today, the most effective way to do these tests is simulating of earthquake by using of Shaking Table. The shaking table consists of three main parts: electronic, hydraulic and mechanical. The accuracy of earthquake simulation’s results are very important. In recent years, numerous studies on the dynamic behavior of the above components and the interactions between these components are performed. In this study, we... 

Sand production in petroleum industry is a phenomenon of solid particles being produced together with reservoir fluid. This phenomenon is costing industry billions of dollars every year. Corrosion of the pipelines and other instruments, sand-oil separation cost, possible wellbore choke and repeated shut-in and clean-up of the wellbore are some of examples of the costs. On the other hand, a controlled sanding or even sand production invocation has proved to be very effective in increasing production rate, especially in heavy oil recovery, asphalt wells and low PI wells. Discovering the best sand controlling procedure in oil extracting wells, parameters that have the most important effects on... 

To meet the growing energy demand worldwide, oil and gas exploration and production activities have increased rapidly both in onshore and offshore areas. The produced oil from the ocean bed is transported onshore either by ship or pipeline. This has increased the risk of oil spill in the coastal areas. In order to prepare an emergency preparedness plan and to assess the magnitude of risk involved in transporting and offloading oil, oil spill simulation studies play an important role. This research describes a simulation of oil spill in coastal area of Persian Gulf, near Hormoz Strait which is called Gheshm Channel (Khouran Strait), using MIKE 21 model. The Gheshm Channel contains huge... 

The objective of this project is to study the behaviour and performance of an innotative floating offshore platform. Such Platform not only can be used for exploring oil from offshore fields, but for creating artificial islands, where land is in short supply. Due to its specific and, at the same time, simple geometry (symmetric), its fabrication does ont involve much complexity. Studies carried out on this platform include the investigation into its structural behaviour under gravitational (including self weight) and bouyancy forces. Studied cases include a number of platforms with different (geometrical) sizes and under 3 various bouyancy conditions (percentage), namely 1) 50% of the height... 

Within the past few years, soil and groundwater resources contamination by petroleum-based products has become of great concern in the environmental engineering literature as a serious environmental problem throughout the world. Amongst petroleum hydrocarbons, groundwater contamination by Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids (NAPLs) is one of the most important environmental problems. In order to effectively remediate contaminated sites, knowledge of the distribution of the NAPLs is essential. The success of the remedial design will be dependent on the ability to predict the subsurface distribution of the NAPLs. Release of these compounds from spills and leaky underground storage tanks into subsurface... 

Thread connections are widely used in tubular downhole equipment. Connections are usually weaker than tubulars and their failure will result in very high cost. Thread connections of downhole equipment are divided into two groups: standard connections and premium connections. Standard connections, despite being widely used, have limitations and will loose their efficiency in complex loadings. According to the mentioned limitations, premium connections have been proposed according to the existing need related to improving the strength of the structure, proper sealing and resistance to galling. One of the most obvious applications of premium connections is in downhole tubulars that are... 

The current research was conducted to investigate the sealing behavior of single-string and dual-string completion Packer. In order to transfer the oil from reservoir located underground to the surface, the string of tubings is used which is called oil well completion string. A typical completion string not only consists of tubings but also the other facilities such as safety valve, traveling joint, sliding side door and Packer as well. Some reasons including: the cost of drilling and challenges in setting wellhead equipment at some geographical situations, producing more oil and gas lead to extraction oil form more than one zone in the oil well. In addition, taking into the account that,... 

Inflatable packers are a class of downhole equipments that are used for oilwell pluging operations. To set the packer inside the well, it is necessary to apply hydraulic pressure to it. By using the setting tool and installing an electropump in it, it is possible to transfer the fluid into the packer and supply the required pressure. In this research, an electropump has been designed and built that, firstly, is dimensionally suitable for the conditions of oil wells and, secondly, can have a good performance in the environmental conditions inside the well. This electropump, which can be used in a 2.125-inch setting tool, consists of a brushless direct current motor and a piston pump. To test... 

Due to population growth, the demand for water supply has increased. This need has drawn attention to the use of consumed and treatable water resources. Organic pollutants are a key source of water pollution. On the other hand, petrochemical oil pollution and frequent oil accidents during oil production or maritime transport have become one of the environmental problems.There are different methods for water and oil separation and water purification that in the present project, selective separation can be achieved by using hydrophobic materials and surface roughness and creating surfaces with two properties: superhydrophobic and ultra-oil friendly. This method is also very effective, cheap... 

Surface Jet Pump (ejector) is one of the most widely used equipment in the industry, which can be used in the oil and gas industry, propulsion and refrigeration systems. One of the uses of surface jet pumps in the oil and gas industry is the use of high-pressure wells to transfar low-pressure wells. The purpose of this research is to measure the transmission feasibility of low-pressure wells using surface jet pumps and optimize surface jet pump geometry. The purpose of optimizing the geometry of the surface jet pump is to maximize the ratio of the discharge rate from the low-pressure well to the high-pressure flow (entranment ratio). One of the most common methods for optimizing the... 

Inflatable packers have a great value in downhole operations due to their unique ability to expand to several times their initial diameter. These type of packers have a sealing element. This element is constructed of thin overlapped sheet metal ribs which are surrounding an inner tube. These overlapped ribs protect inner tube against the extrusion. The outer surface of this element covered by a layer of rubber. The outer elastomeric cover seals the annulus of the casing and isolates the zones in the well. In this study, some of the geometrical and material parameters effects on inflation and deflation of inflatable packers are investigated by numerical method. At first, for this purpose, the... 

Oil/water separation is an important field, not only for scientific research, but also for environmental, economic, and social issues. On the one hand, oily wastewater, resulting from industries such as steel, aluminum, food, textile, leather, petrochemical and metal finishing, has become the most common pollutant all over the world. On the other hand, frequent oil spill accidents are of great concern since the discharge can lead not only to serious environmental pollution, but also a great loss of energy.
In crude oil removing water is necessary due to reducing corrosion, increasing thermal values of fuels obtained from crude oil, preventing catalists from destruction by water and... 

Naturally Fractured Reservoirs (NFRs) play an important role in petroleum industry and the global economy.. The reservoirs of the most complex geological structures in petroleum engineering science, on the other hand the largest sources of hydrocarbons are considered throughout the world and especially in our country. Therefore, characterization and modeling them frst step to develop best practices for hydraulic fracturing gap, optimal design of production Method and evaluate potential reservoirs. Physics of the present work is 2D two-phase immiscible flow under gravittational effect through fractured porous media and the most practical formulas for transfer function in dual porosity-dual... 

Today, the importance of transportation and motor vehicles is crystal clear for everyone. On the other hand, energy crisis and the emissions of these vehicles are two fundamental problems of internal combustion motors. On account of this, the diesel vehicles have absorbed researchers’ attentions due to their higher efficiency and low fuel consumption.Due to high diesel vehicle efficiency, it is tried to substitute gasoline vehicles with these vehicles. In addition, the unrecyclable nature of fossil fuels has led to more attention to renewable energies such as biofuels. A lot of kinds of herbal oils have identical characteristics with diesel fuel.In this research, the combustion of Rapeseed... 

In this study, simulation of two-phase water-oil compressible flow in naturally fractured reservoirs is studied. The studied reservoir has a 1D and horizontal ge-ometry that its properties such as porosity and permeability are homogeneous.Dual Porosity and Dual Porosity-Dual Permeability models are employed for simulation of reservoir. Reservoir descriptive equations are conservation of mass and momentum. Conservation of momentum equation is simplified by Darcy law and two-phase fluid flow is simulated with Black-oil model. Discretization of equations is done by finite volume method. In order to solve the equations of two-phase compressible fluid flow, the so-called IMPES (Implicit Pressure... 

Rapid variation in permeability with strong anisotropy are common features in subsurface reservoirs. When formulating a finite-volume pressure equation scheme, continuous normal flux and pressure are key physical constraints that must be imposed at control-volume interfaces, across which strong discontinuities in permeability can occur.
The derivation of algebraic flux continuity conditions for full-tensor discretization operators has lead to families of efficient locally conservative flux-continuous control-volume distributed (CVD) finite- volume schemes for determining the discrete pressure and elocity fields in subsurface reservoirs [5, 9, 11, 13].
When applying these... 

The goal of this research is to introduce and improve the new multiscale finite volume method for simulation of multiphase flow in porous media. This method has recently presented as an efficient approach in computational fluids dynamics field. This thesis contains the followings: In the first step a brief introduction is presented about petroleum reservoir engineering and different methods of oil production. Then the importance of new simulation methods to anticipate the behavior of these reservoirs with detailed geographical information is discussed. In the second section black-oil formulation in petroleum reservoirs is descritized with the aid of finite volume method. Using general... 

In this thesis, the use of jet-engine for oil well fire fighting which is a latest in kind is described and analyzed. For this purpose, more familiarization with this system and some knowledge’s such as hydrodynamics characteristic of nominated area, traditional ways of fire fighting in region, different types of jet engines available type of offshore vessels, type of flame and their characteristic are required, which after studying and analyzing above fields in details, the use of turbojet motors and barge has been chosen for the case to obtain optimum specification os this turbojet motors and required dimensions of barge Some information about oil well shuch as, fluid output, speed rate... 

Phase change and deposition of solid particles in liquid flows are undesirable in industrial and natural processes and hazardous in some cases. Considering the intentions to petroleum exploration in deep waters such as Caspian Sea, the Gulf of Mexico and North Sea, precipitation and deposition of wax crystals in petroleum and gas pipelines is a real concern due to the fact that during production, oil is exposed to more intense temperature gradient (the dominant mechanism in wax deposition) and its heavier components change their phase to solid and deposit. Wax deposition in production lines starting at crude oil storage tanks is not accepted due to reduction in production rate and...