Sharif Digital Repository

The transportation and electricity industries are major emitters of greenhouse gases (GHGs). In order to reduce emissions, several strategies have been proposed, including plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) use and integration of renewable energy sources (RESs). To reduce the concern emission rate while considering economic constraints, it is important to examine different scenarios of incorporating these elements. To investigate the effectiveness of using PEVs and RES from various perspectives, this study utilizes a combined economic emission dispatch (CEED). The influence of emission and cost coefficients is examined in a sensitivity analysis. In the proposed model, two test cases containing... 

For many years, humans have been able to use wind energy to meet some of their needs. By improving science and the discovery of electricity as the mother of energy that is very easy to use, mankind thought of converting wind energy into electricity, so wind turbines were invented. Despite the wide spread of onshore wind turbines, their visual, acoustic and environmental negative effects still cause dissatisfaction among the residents of the areas where these turbines are installed. Also, the high wind speed in the seas compared to the land ares has caused the interest to use offshore wind turbines to increase in the past years. For this reason, an attempt has been made in this thesis to... 

One of the actions taken to mitigate the climate change is research, development and demonstration (RD&D) investments in renewable energy technology. In addition to domestic R&D spending, the importation of foreign technologies, as a main channel of technology transfer, is another option to obtain renewable energy technologies in order to achieve climate objectives. In this study, a panel dataset of 28 OECD member countries from 2011 to 2020 is analysed, using the OLS, fixed-effects, and two-system system GMM methods, to assess the impacts of public spending on renewable energy RD&D and the import of renewable energy technologies on the energy-related CO2 emissions. To fully capture the the... 

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is exceedingly promising for converting solar energy into molecular hydrogen as a clean and sustainable fuel. However, the overall rate of water splitting reaction is severely limited by the sluggish kinetics of the anodic half-reaction, namely, the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) is a popular photoanode for PEC water splitting due to its high stability, low cost, narrow band gap (2.4 eV), high visible-light absorption, and environmental compatibility. However, BiVO4 suffers from poor charge transfer, fast recombination of electron-hole pairs, and inferior catalytic activity toward OER. An effective strategy to overcome... 

In recent years, the penetration of renewable energy sources (RESs) in the distribution networks has faced their operation with new problems. Therefore, many studies have been conducted in this field to effectively operate distribution networks by introducing multi-microgrid (MG) structures, decentralized management methods, and the concept of transactive energy. In this regard, in this thesis, a decentralized structure based on the transactive energy is presented for optimal management of the distribution network using the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) with taking the technical limitations into account. As a result, MGs will be able to exchange energy directly with... 

Air pollution has been one of the most important problems in Tehran in recent years. So that the number of deaths due to air pollution in Tehran reaches more than 7000 cases per year. More than 75% of air pollutant emissions in Tehran city (including 60% of PM2.5 emissions) originate from mobile sources. Considering the harmful effects and damages caused by air pollutants, it is important to examine and evaluate the effects of hybrid-electric vehicles on the emissions of the transportation sector and air quality, especially in areas with a large population and realized high traffic load. On the other hand, the continuous reduction of renewable electricity production costs makes electricity a... 

Over the past decade there has been dramatic increase in fossil fuel’s usage; As a consequence, world now faces problems such as: air pollution, climate change, global warming and ozone layer depletion. In addition, depletion of the fossil energy resources is growing as a serious issue. Renewable energy(RE) sources are the most promising solution to these problems. Global investment in clean energy was increased by 16% in 2014 and solar power is anticipated to become the world’s largest source of electricity by 2050 .The German government has planned to achieve a goal of 8 percent renewables for gross power consumption by 2050 .RE is still more expensive than traditional one and faces a... 

Currently, cryptocurrencies have attained a significant role in the financial transactions of the world, especially due to their peer-to-peer and decentralized characteristics, resulting in the elimination of intermediary oversight entities. In the cryptocurrency network, transaction security is ensured through devices known as cryptocurrency miners. People place their cryptocurrency mining devices at the disposal of the cryptocurrency network and, depending on their device’s processing power and capacity, receive rewards in the form of cryptocurrencies. Given the complexity of cryptocurrency networks, regular devices lack the ability to mine cryptocurrencies, necessitating high processing... 

In recent years, the significant growth of the population has led to an increase in energy demand and subsequent rise in waste production. A substantial share of the energy demand and consumption in the industrial sector, particularly in steel production, requires the utilization of renewable technologies for energy and clean fuel production, such as hydrogen, to address this growing demand and mitigate environmental impact. This study focuses on a waste-to-energy technique as a viable solution to facilitate the transition towards green steel production in the industrial sector of Kerman province, primarily targeting the decarbonization of utility generation in steel production process.... 

Today, the rapid and increasing growth of various human societies has led to an increased consumption of energy and the need for new resources. In fact, the excessive consumption of energy, especially fossil fuels, has caused adverse and sometimes irreversible effects on the human environment. Also, the consumption of different types of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas, leads to a significant increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. On the other hand, population growth and technological advancements in the last century have led to an increase in the demand for energy carriers. Therefore, the use of new energy sources instead of fossil fuels is an inevitable matter....