Sharif Digital Repository

Background: Extensive full-thickness burns require replacement of both epidermis and dermis. In designing skin replacements, the goal has been to re-create this model and make a product which has both essential components. Methods: In the present study, we developed procedures for establishing confluent, stratified layers of cultured human keratinocytes on the surface of modified collagen-chitosan scaffold that contains fibroblasts. The culture methods for propagation of keratinocytes and fibroblasts isolated from human neonatal foreskin were developed. The growth and proliferation of normal human keratinocytes were evaluated in serum-free (keratinocyte growth medium) and our modified... 

Porous scaffolds composed of gelatin/poly (vinyl alcohol), (Gel/PVA), were prepared using combination of freeze gelation and freeze drying methods. The effect of polymer concentration, gelatin/PVA ratio, and glutaraldehyde/gelatin ratio (GA/Gel) was investigated on morphology of pores, swelling ratio, biodegradation, and skin cell culture. At optimum preparation conditions the scaffolds had uniform pore size distributions showing high swelling ratio of 23.6. The scaffolds were of biodegradable nature and almost degraded in 28 days. Human dermal fibroblast cells (HDF) were cultured on the scaffolds and MTS assay was conducted to evaluate the influence of PVA on growth and proliferation of the... 

Background: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an imaging method that provides real time in situ visualization of human tissue at sub-micrometer resolution. Prior research shows OCT is suitable for imaging the epidermis. Method: In this study, we utilized OCT images to noninvasively measure the quantitative effect of a specialized antiaging product compared with a petrolatum control in a split-face trial. The images acquired with OCT were analyzed to determine the average surface roughness, Ra, and surface roughness depth, Rz, of the imaged skin. These values were measured over the duration of a 28-day trial. Results: The petrolatum treated skin showed a 2.1% and 2.9% decrease in Ra and... 

Motion estimation (ME) is one of the key parts of video compression algorithms. But, motion estimation and computation of motion vectors (MVs) are very time con-suming. In this paper, we propose a method for reducing the cost of motion estimation process. During this process, a series of candidate blocks should be searched to find the best motion vectors. In our method, we compare the skin parts of two blocks before comparing all pixel pairs of the two blocks. Having a preprocessing phase, the skin part comparison is performed quickly. This method provides a parameter that can be used to create a balance between the processing time and the motion estimation accuracy. © 2009 IEEE  

This paper presents a novel approach for detection and recognition of multi-view faces whose location is unknown and the illumination conditions are varying. The illumination is a big problem in the face detection and recognition aspects. Two completely different methods are proposed for face detection in this paper. Our proposed methods do not use the skin colour information for face detection. The detection of faces is accomplished after cancelling the effect of the various illumination conditions. Because of the independency of the approaches to the face's skin colour, persons with every kind of skin colours are detected even in completely dark environments. Next, the detected faces are... 

The important role of collagen fibers in LILT has been observed. However there is still unclear information about light characteristics, such as coherence and polarization. Collagens behavior in response to different polarization is presented in this study. We investigate the distribution and structure of collagen bundles in full-thickness human skin in response to laser with different polarization by ellipsometry technique. For this study, we chose skin from the back part of a white man. The light source is HeNe laser. Samples are irradiated by three different polarizations. Sample S is irradiated using the electric field vector of the polarized laser radiation aligned in parallel with the... 

Skin detection has different applications in computer vision such as face detection, human tracking and adult content filtering. One of the major approaches in pixel based skin detection is using Bayesian classifiers. Bayesian classifiers performance is highly related to their training set. In this paper, we introduce a new Bayesian classifier skin detection method. The main contribution of this paper is creating a huge database to create color probability tables and new method for creating skin pixels data set. Our database consists of about 80000 images containing more than 5 billions pixels. Our tests shows that the performance of Bayesian classifier trained on our data set is better than... 

According to the WHO, two individuals die every hour from skin cancer and about 9500 people get skin cancer every day just in the United States. Various computer vision algorithms have been introduced for skin lesion detection, classification, and segmentation. This paper proposes a new segmentation-based algorithm in order to select target components using the persistence diagram of the input images. The results, in comparison with the existing seven different both clustering-and histogram-based segmentation methods using three metrics, show improved performance. Medical image segmentation is an essential task in computer-aided diagnosis. The main improvement of our method is to detect one... 

Using the skin tissue engineering approach is a way to help the body to recover its lost skin in cases that the spontaneous healing process is either impossible or inadequate, such as severe wounds or burns. In the present study, chitosan/gelatin-based scaffolds containing 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1% allantoin were created to improve the wounds’ healing process. EDC and NHS were used to cross-link the samples, which were further freeze-dried. Different in-vitro methods were utilized to characterize the specimens, including SEM imaging, PBS absorption and degradation tests, mechanical experiments, allantoin release profile assessment, antibacterial assay, and cell viability and adhesion tests.... 

A combined texture- and color-based skin detection is proposed in this paper. Nonsubsampled contourlet transform is used to represent texture of the whole image. Local neighbor contourlet coefficients of a pixel are used as feature vectors to classify each pixel. Dimensionality reduction is addressed through principal component analysis (PCA) to remedy the curse of dimensionality in the training phase. Before texture classification, the pixel is tested to determine whether it is skin-colored. Therefore, the classifier is learned to discriminate skin and non-skin texture for skin colored regions. A multi-layer perceptron is then trained using the feature vectors in the PCA reduced space. The... 

OCT skin images suffer from artifacts. Speckle is the main artifact while the other one is called background noise. In this study, we propose an algorithm that significantly reduces the background noise before applying a speckle reduction method. The results show that the diagnostically relevant features in the images become clearer after applying the proposed method. We used sub-pixel weighted median filtering for speckle reduction. The results from background noise removal in combination with the proposed speckle reduction algorithm show a significant improvement in the clarity of diagnostically relevant features in in-vivo human skin images. © 2017 SPIE  

This essay investigates a steady three-dimensional laminar boundary layer flow of magnetohydromagnetic radiative of graphene oxide-water nanofluid over an extensible surface in the attendance of couple stress, thermal ray, and Joule heating impact. Governing equations are solved numerically using the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg 4.5 approach after the transformation of partial differential equations into ordinary differential equations. The main goal of this essay is to check the impacts of variations in the value of numerous parameters on the velocity along x and y-axis directions ((Formula presented.)) and temperature ((Formula presented.)) profiles, and also on the local skin friction coefficient... 

Background: Warts are the most common clinical manifestation of the human papilloma-virus infection in the skin and mucous membranes. In spite of the various therapeutic modalities for nongenital skin warts, there is still no single method to be used as an approved treatment. In this study, we compared the efficacy of immunotherapy and cryotherapy on wart lesions. Methods: Sixty patients with verruca vulgaris and plantar warts were randomly divided into two groups. One group received intralesional injection of candida antigen repeated every 3 weeks until complete improvement of all warts or for a maximum of three sessions. The second group was treated by cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen for...