Sharif Digital Repository

The main focus of this paper is on the estimation of target motion parameters using bearing measurements. Here, based on a linearization of measurements, a recursive least squares (RLS) solution is developed. The performance of the proposed method is compared to PLE which uses the same approach in measurement linearization. Simulation results show the excellence of the proposed method over the PLE, and RLS results are in vicinity of the CRLB  

A new approach for tracking targets in TWS systems is introduced which is based on Hough transform. The main idea is to take target's velocity and course of motion as the main tracking quantities and calculate other kinematic parameters of the target from these two main parameters. The main criteria for associating targets to tracks in Data Association (DA) step is co linearity of targets with the history of track and Hough transform is the main tool in this step. Computer simulation results are presented to compare the performance of the suggested algorithm with the conventional tracking systems  

Pulse laser ablation (PLA) technique has been demonstrated to be a simple, compatible, promising, versatile, relatively low-cost, pure, and green approach with the absence of toxic chemicals and reagents for fabrication of metal nanoparticles. Purity is an especially important attribute of metal nanoparticles (NPs) in biological and medical technologies. For such applications, it is crucial to prepare metal NPs with the desired shape and size distribution. This chapter discusses the advantages of the PLA technique as compared with other techniques for metal NPs, explains the various mechanisms involved in the generation of metal NPs, outlines the effects of laser parameters, such as... 

This paper investigates the problem of unknown input estimation such as acceleration, target class, and maneuvering target tracking using a hybrid algorithm. One of the challenges of unknown input estimation is that no effective method has been presented so far that could be applied to general cases. The available methods are ineffective when the range of variation of the unknown input parameter is large. Also, the issue of determining the system class could improve the performance of the tracking algorithms in many applications. Using the Bayesian theory, the posterior distribution functions of state and parameter could be obtained concurrently. In the proposed algorithm, Liu and West and... 

Using the Fractal Geometry in Signal processing has been extended nowadays [1]. They have found several applications in signal detection and recognitions. They use the chaotic feature of the noise and clutter and try to distinguish between the noise, clutter and the desired target [2] [3]. Recent works show that lots of clutters like sea and ground clutters have fractal behavior so this kind of approach to the signal detection has been extended these days[3][4]. In this paper we have used the Box-Counts of a signal rather than the Fractal dimension of a signal as will be defined later in the text. By applying the new defined concept we have developed different methods of signal detection. We... 

In this letter, an efficient method for solving the multi-target localization problem in distributed MIMO radars is proposed. The proposed method attempts to simultaneously carry out the localization and data association tasks by formulating a mixed-integer optimization problem, which is approximated as a convex problem that can be efficiently solved with a polynomial complexity. Numerical simulations substantiate the efficacy of the proposed method. © 1997-2012 IEEE  

Shaped charges are devices used for cutting or penetrating different aerial, on land, and underwater targets, based on the concentration of the explosion energy to the liner. The purpose of this study is to present a practical review of the studies related to shaped charges in the last twenty years (2000–2020). In this regard, these studies have been reviewed in two different categories for ordinary and advanced shaped charges. In the case of ordinary shaped charges, different aspects including shaped charges against different targets, different types of shaped charges (such as linear shaped charge and explosively formed penetrators), and theoretical advancements are presented. On the other... 

The orientation of a conducting target was estimated with a generalized regression neural network (GRNN) network using back-scattered data. Steps made to provide the training data sets by a computer code using method of moments were investigated. Noisy data sets were provided to improve the system generalization. The GRNN target orientation estimation and its performance was evaluated and the robustness was verified against target scaling, target deformation, sensor misplacements and introduction of noise with different S/N into sensor measurements  

Accurate modeling of sea clutter and detection of low observable targets within sea clutter are the major goals of radar signal processing applications. Recently, fractal geometry has been applied to the analysis of high range resolution radar sea clutters. The box-counting method is widely used to estimate fractal dimension but it has some drawbacks. We explain the drawbacks and propose a new fractal dimension based detector to increase detection performance in comparison with traditional detectors. Both statistically generated and real data samples are used to compare detector performance  

This paper deals with control of the brachiation robot. The brachiation is a type of mobile robot that moves from branch to branch like a long-armed ape. Here, as a new innovation, Pontryagin's minimum principle is used to obtain the optimal trajectories for two different problems. The first problem is "Brachiation between fixed branches with different distance and height" and the second is "Brachiating and catching the moving target branch". Theoretical results show that the control effort in the proposed method is reduced by 25% in comparison with the "Target Dynamics" method which was proposed in prior articles for this robot. The obtained optimal trajectory also minimizes the brachiation... 

The Hough transform is known to be an effective technique for target detection and track initiation in search radars. However, most papers have focused on the simplistic applications of this technique which consider a 2-D data space for the Hough transform. In this paper, a new method based on xthe Hough transform is introduced for detecting targets in a 3-D data space. The data space is constructed from returned surveillance radar signal using the range and bearing information of several successive scans. This information is mapped into a 3-D x-y-t Cartesian data space. Targets are modeled with four parameters in this data space. The proposed 3-D Hough detector is then used to detect the... 

Chitosan-coated human serum albumin nanoparticles were functionalized by MUC1 aptamer to obtain a selective drug carrier toward cancers overexpressing MUC1. The negative charges of albumin nanoparticles were shifted to positive charges by surface modification with chitosan, and MUC1 was conjugated through an acrylate spacer. The cytotoxicity of targeted nanoparticles was significantly more than non-aptamer nanoparticles, and also the chitosan-coated nanoparticles had more cytotoxic effects than the negatively charged albumin nanoparticles. The IC50 of targeted nanoparticles was 28 and 26% of free paclitaxel in MCF7 and T47D cells at 48 h, respectively. Confocal laser scanning electron... 

Design of a vision-based target tracking control strategy for a dual-rotor UAV with tilting rotors is presented. In this research, the under-study UAV is equipped with a sliding mass that can slide over a motorized linear track attached to the UAV's fuselage enabling it to perform sophisticated maneuvers by monitoring its five controllable degrees of freedom. The dynamic model of the system is first derived and then a model-based controller using vision based pose estimation, obtained via an onboard down-looking camera, is designed enabling the UAV to: (1) pitch hover in position, (2) servo towards a target position, and (3) track a moving target. Simulations show the premise of the proposed... 

The aim of this work was to synthesize molecularly imprinted polymer-poly ethylene glycol-folic acid (MIP-PEG-FA) nanoparticles for use as a controlled release carrier for targeting delivery of paclitaxel (PTX) to cancer cells. MIP nanoparticles were synthesized by a mini-emulsion polymerization technique and then PEG-FA was conjugated to the surface of nanoparticles. Nanoparticles showed high drug loading and encapsulation efficiency, 15.6 ± 0.8 and 100%, respectively. The imprinting efficiency of MIPs was evaluated by binding experiments in human serum. Good selective binding and recognition were found in MIP nanoparticles. In vitro drug release studies showed that MIP-PEG-FA have a... 

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems are so popular in aerial imaging because of their high resolution. Ground moving target indication (GMTI) is one of the most challenging problems in this field. The use of multiple antennas in transmit and receive is an innovative idea that can overcome the limitations of SAR systems. In this paper, after modelling the received signal and focusing it, we propose an algorithm for GMTI with the use of compressed sensing. The proposed algorithm has low complexity compared to similar algorithms. Simulation results show that this approach is accurate in estimation of positions and velocities of moving targets. © 2018 IEEE  

In this article a new parameter is introduced that optimizes penetration depth of a long rod penetrating into a semi-infinite target. This parameter helps to optimize penetration depth when the projectile is subjected to transverse loading. This parameter is defined using a simple assumption governing bending moment and deflection of the rod as well as the experimental observation of long rod penetrators having aspect ratios (L/D) of greater than 30. In this article the length of the rod that sustains allowable bending stress but does not fail is calculated. Using the results of the bending analysis and solution of the Alekseevskii & Tate (AT) equation, an analytical method to optimize... 

In this paper, we focus on the moving target localization problem in a multiple-input multiple-output radar with widely separated antennas. By exploiting jointly different types of information including time delay, Doppler shift and azimuth and elevation angles of arrival, we develop an algebraic closed-form two-stage weighted least squares solution for the problem. The proposed algorithm is shown analytically to attain the CramerRao lower bound accuracy under the small Gaussian noise assumption. Numerical simulations are included to examine the algorithm's performance and corroborate the theoretical developments  

A cooperative task allocation and search algorithm is proposed to find and localize a group of ground-based moving targets using a group of Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAVs) working in a decentralized manner. It is assumed that targets have RF emissions. By using an algorithm including Global Search (GS), Approach Target (AT), Locate Target (LT), and Target Reacquisition (TR) modes, UAVs cooperatively search the entire parts of a desired area, approach to the detected targets, locate the targets, and search again to find the targets that stop transmitting their RF emissions during the localization process, respectively. In the GS mode, UAVs utilize a cost function to select the best zone for...