Sharif Digital Repository

In this research, the barrier around C-N bond in the molecule of 2-cyano ethyl morpholine-4-carbo dithioate was calculated by dynamic NMR. The 1H-NMR spectra of sample were recorded between temperatures of 240-332 K and 240-328 K in chloroform and acetone solvents, respectively. By analyzing the spectra by SpinWorks software, thermodynamic parameters (ΔG# , ΔH# , ΔS# ) extracded and compared with the data of quantum calculations . In quantum calculations, we compared data in two level (HF and B3LYP ).Consequently, the data of B3LYP method was better .Experimental ΔG# for internal rotation around C-N bond in 2-cyano ethyl morpholine-4-carbo dithioate was 14.04 kcal mol -1 and compared to... 

In this millennium there has been a thought-provoking dispute over the inclusion of Critical Thinking (CT) programs into teaching syllabi; this inspiring challenge of change has led researcher to investigate the teachability and transferability of Critical Thinking. Thus, this study investigated whether explicit critical thinking instruction can foster critical thinking skills of in-service EFL teachers and enhance their disposition, perception and attitude. To fulfill the purposes of this study, California Critical Thinking Skill Tests (CCTST), EMI Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory, as well as perception and attitude questionnaires were utilized. The participants of this research were... 

Nowadays, both academic and industrial environment have come to the conclusion that recent manufacturing paradigms are probably no longer applicable to the ever-changing today’s business environments. That is why manufacturing is moving gradually from production-oriented to service-oriented approaches. Service-oriented manufacturing results in a variety of services through a product life cycle which create an abundance of high value-added markets promoting efficient collaboration and amazing innovation. Cloud Manufacturing as an intelligent newly developed service-oriented manufacturing paradigm provides platforms of shared and interconnected distributed manufacturing resources and... 

This paper by using the basic Principal-Agent model, investigate the possibility of moral hazard in relation of the bank-borrower, meaning the deviation of the granted facility - for the three proposed models in the Islamic Banking (interest free). These models include the use of only authorized exchange contracts, the use of partnership contracts and the combined use of authorized exchange contracts and partnership. This study, by accepting the Mirakhor (2011) model as the optimal case, make sure that in Islamic society, by establishing assumptions such as honesty, the probability of occurrence of moral hazard is low; Hence, moral hazard is not an inherent problem of the Islamic banking... 

One of the novel methods of stabilization of nuclear waste is the use of vitrification technology. In order to stabilize high level wastes (HLLW) in glass, it is required that the elements are in their oxide form. Therefore, it is necessary to evaporate the waste and turn it into a solid form so that the elements can be converted into oxide form in the calcination furnace. Hence, one of the challenges of stabilization is the optimization of evaporation and calcination conditions. In this research, the parameters affecting evaporation were first investigated. Using laboratory measurements of application: temperature (110 to 180 °C), presence of nitric acid (0.5 to 4 mol/L), ratio of zirconium... 

This study used the emulsion liquid membrane method to investigate the extraction and separation of thorium from nitrate solution. According to the results obtained from the studies, Cyanex 272 was a suitable option for selectively extracting thorium. For simultaneous extraction and stripping of thorium from dilute aqueous solutions, an emulsion liquid membrane system consisting of Cyanex 272 as an extractant, Span 80 as a surfactant and sulfuric acid solution as a receiving phase (internal phase) was used. Emulsion liquid membrane method has high mass transfer flux due to high surface to volume ratio, which causes high extraction efficiency and fast transfer of thorium ions from its low... 

One of the most common spinal surgeries involves spinal fusion or vertebral fixation, which is used to treat various conditions such as intervertebral disc disease, scoliosis (lateral deviation of the spinal column), fractures, infections, or the presence of tumors in the spinal column. In this surgical procedure, the use of pedicle screws and titanium rods prevents motion and friction between two vertebrae. Screws may enter the vertebrae in the wrong position and angle, causing bone weakening, rupture of nerve roots or blood vessels, weakness or lack of sensation in some parts of the body, spinal cord injury, and in severe cases, paralysis of the patient. For this reason, fusion surgery is... 

Lithium is a soft, silvery-white alkali metal that is recognized as the lightest metal and the least dense solid element. The increasing demand for lithium, driven by the global shift towards electrification and sustainable energy solutions, has transformed this material into a crucial resource in the modern economy. Lithium has applications in various industries, including the nuclear industry. 6Li is used for the production of tritium, and 7Li, in the form of 7LiOH, is used to adjust the pH in light water reactors and as an anti-corrosion compound in fission reactors. In this study, the extraction of lithium from the aqueous phase using a Y-shaped microchannel was carried out, and the mass...