Sharif Digital Repository

At major-minor intersections with no timing and signal control, with comparison to those with signal control, a lower level of control is imposed on intersection’s traffic. So the driver’s behavior has more effective and important role on geometric and traffic design of intersection. Therefore, recognizing drivers’ behavior at this kind of intersections seems to be vital. In this research drivers’ behavior in big cities in Iran at major-minor intersections has been studied. For this purpose, 7 major-minor intersections which have stop control at minor approach and median at major approach have been selected and shot. After extraction of primary data from taken digital video films and... 

As petroleum resources are not steadily distributed in the world and all industries and manufacturing sections are dependent on these resources, petroleum transportation is very important to the extent that availability of these resources occurs in the fastest time and costing the least possible. The objective of this study is to study the petroleum distribution through time in the world and assess its transportation efficacy during 1965-2005 in 173 countries. Collecting information about petroleum distribution between exporting countries to importing ones helped to complete the study data base. Also in this study two transportation networks, sea and land multimodal transportation network... 

Considering the extensive developments achieved up to now in the fields of trade and international transportation, as well as the key role of the freight transportation in the economical development of a zone or a country, the present research, titled “A Study of the Trade and Transportation Trends”, was planned. The available data concerning the trade of six types of the goods according to The United Nations Classification (SITC), within the period 1965-2005, have been analyzed in this research. The study has been focused on the Asian Multimodal Network constituted of 31 countries. Trading centre of each country in the selected network is assumed to be located in its capital town. The... 

Although rural inhabitants constitute a large portion of developing countries’ population, they have always been neglected in many ways. Expansion of equity, calls for a new concern in adequacy of rural development. The problem could be considered in two aspects: Firstly, there is a great tendency for immigration to nearby cities, hoping for a better life. This would result in more crowded cities, extended poverty and an increasing rate of crime mainly in suburban areas. On the other hand, the evacuation of farms and fertilized lands imposes great economical loss to the country. Therefore, development of rural facilities should be integrated into national policies to assure a homogeneous and... 

One of the methods that have been used in order to mitigate the air pollution problem is the IM program in order to identify the high polluting vehicle and make them to adjust their engine in accordance to the emission standards. In Iran due to the air pollution problems the government operates a rudimentary IM program based on the idle engine test utilizing an exhaust gas analyzer which should be done annually. While IM programs usually regarded as a useful tool for soothing the air pollution, one of the criticisms about the program is that it is required for the entire fleet and it reduces the cost effectiveness of the program. This research studies the relationship between the vehicular... 

Frontage roads are widely used to separate the main and the local traffic flows in multilane highways. Based on the studies conducted by Texas Transportation Institute, the delay imposed by ramp junction is considered for calculating the average speed in frontage roads in addition to the control delay caused by traffic lights. This delay and the capacity of frontage roads are analysed using gap acceptance theory. In this study, two different sections consisting of a basic section and merge area are selected along Tehran-Karaj special road as case studies and the required data are collected by video recording. After classifying and analysing the data, a wide range of macro traffic-analyses... 

The main factor ensuring safety of passing maneuvers on two lane highways is known as Passing Sight Distance (PSD). The criteria presented in Iran's code and AASHTO Green book are provided by the results of researches conducted between years 1938 & 1941 in the United States. This research intends to find out whether some changes should be applied to the PSD criteria according to current vehicles' performance and driving behavior in Iran. For this purpose, about 8 hours of video films has been recorded from 3 different sites chosen from two-lane highways in Iran, resulted in 326 passing records. In the case of passing of two passenger cars The models provided by analyzing the videos show that... 

Incidents are one of the main sources of delays and they have significant influences on road safety and congestions, air pollution and trip costs. In the time of an incident occurrence, minimizing the response time is essential for several reasons. The most important issue is providing aid for the injured. The faster the persons who are severely injured receive aid, the higher their chances are to be rescued. Also, if the rescue crews get to the incident scene faster the clearance procedure would be accomplished faster and this would result in fewer disturbances in traffic stream and lowering the probability of secondary incidents occurrence. Automatic Incident Detection, AID, has been... 

In this research, the trends of trade and transportation for the 10 subdivisions of food products and food products as a whole product based upon Standard International Trade Classification, SITC, have been appraised during the time period covering 1965 to 2005 among 125 countries in Asia, Europe and Africa. In this respect, the data of trade for the mentioned goods was gathered and other variables including gross domestic product, population, access to the international waters and area of countries and three transportation networks comprising two multimodal transportation networks and a unimodal network, during the cited period and for 125 countries was gathered. Then, regressions of trade... 

Compared to systematically signalized intersections, in the absence of any systematic instruction or signalization at unsignalized-prioritized intersections and due to lower levels of control, driver performance strongly steps in as a decisive factor of intersection traffic and geometric design. Therefore, the study of driver behavior at these intersections appears necessary. This thesis aims to study driver behavior at four prioritized intersections where the minor stream has to yield right of way to the main stream in the city of Mashhad, Iran. Following extraction of raw statistical data from extensive filming, the initial database was constructed consisting of 29 variables. Based on the... 

This research aims to study the trade trends of Manufactured goods, classified chiefly by Material, identified under Code 6 in the Standard International Trade Classification, SITC, and its nine divisions. The study scope covered 125 countries throughout Asia, Europe and Africa and 9 distinct years spanning a 40-year time period between 1965 and 2005. By means of this study, determinant factors for modelling and investigation of trade flow characteristics for the mentioned items can come to be better understood. The time-series data were grouped into four categories: bilateral trade value, socio-economic, geographical and transportation variables, obtained from centralized international... 

In railway transportation network, there are spots that we have to intersect with highway network. These intersections break into two branches named grade crossing and unlevel crossing depend on their structure. Grade crossings from the view of protection are grouped into protected crossings and unprotected crossings. Protected crossings depend on their traffic control devices are categorized into active crossings and passive crossings.There are many factors that influence highway-railroad grade crossing design. Some of these factors can vary widely by drivers' behavior. These factors have been developed in models by AASHTO and its publications and shaped like we have them today. In order to... 

This study aimed to shed some light on travel behavior in tourist villages in Iran. Rural areas need efficacious transportation infrastructures and services to promote sustainable development and to avoid urban migration. By exploring the behavioural aspects of rural transportation, their transportation needs and demands can be effectively determined. Subsequently, accessibility and mobility of rural residents can be provided in a sustainable manner. In recent years, tourism has transformed lifestyle and behavior of some rural inhabitants. Utilizing secondary school students in Niasar, a simplified questionnaire was used to collect person and household data. Socio-economic, activity and trip... 

Although villagers and nomads are an important part of Iran's population, the growth of cities has led to neglecting them and their needs including traveling and transportation needs. The aim of this study is to recognize and to study the transportation demands in a pastoral nomadic society. For this purpose, the theory of activity-based modeling was studied. Sequential modeling was chosen which considers the daily activities of each person as a result of five sequential decisions: a) choosing daily activity pattern; b) choosing primary tour time; c) choosing primary tour mode choice; d) choosing secondary tour time; and e) choosing secondary tour mode choice. In order to conduct a survey... 

Growth of cities leads to neglecting of travel behavior of nomads, although they are an important portion of Iran’s population. The aim of this study is recognition and studying transportation demand in a nomadic society that their households are mostly farmer. Firstly, the theory of activity-based modeling was studied. Sequential modeling was chosen for modeling which consider daily activities of each person as a result of five sequential decisions: a) Choosing daily activity pattern; b) Choosing primary tour time; c) Choosing primary tour mode choice; d) Choosing secondary tour time; e) Choosing secondary tour mode choice. In order to collect pertinent information and conduct survey,... 

Due to increasing air pollution and traffic jams, cities are trying to promote non-motorized modes of travel. Therefore, people are encouraged to take ad-vantages of walking to decrease usage of motor vehicles and to enhance their health. Knowledge about pedestrain behavior helps planning and provision of efficious facilities for walking. To address the issue, it was decided to examine pedestrains behavior in Tehran Bazaar. The vicinity of Tehran's old Bazaar is considered to be one of the populous, important commercial centers of Tehran and one of the most spacious footpaths. Behavior analysis is done in both macroscopic and microscopic levels. In the macroscopic analysis the re-lationship... 

The vast majority of Irainain highways, is two-lane highways. The operational analysis for two-lane highways are therefore of utmost importance. The current Irainian method for the level of service analysis of traffic flow on two-lane highways is based on the third edition of the U.S Highway Capacity Manual, HCM1985. The fifth edition of the manual, HCM2010, has been published, and it offers a totally revised analysis methodology. The purpose of the research was to develop a capacity and level of service method for Irainian two-lane highways. Traffic flow data were collected from 4 automatic traffic recorders on Irainian two-lane highways. The models and methods were developed for... 

Transportation, as a prerequisite of sustainable development of rural areas, should be considered as a high priority step in planning. This issue needs even more attention in developing countries such as Iran as significant part of population in these countries resides in rural areas. However, still little is known about the activity and travel characteristics of rural residents. This study focuses on developing comprehensive framework to model disaggregate travel demand of rural residents based on daily activity-travel pattern, application of this framework in estimating the transportation decisions and measuring the effectiveness of policies related to improving rural transportation modes.... 

In this research, the physical structure of road transportation networks in Asia, Europe and Africa has been analyzed. With the analyses done in this research, we will recognize these networks and different combinations related to them. Paying more attention to existing transportation situations in mentioned geographical boundary will smooth the way to analyze and evaluate the development of business and carrying goods between the countries of these continents. In this research networks called Asia-Europe-Africa, AEA, are made which are recognized as road AEA networks and rail AEA networks according to basis transportation way available in them. These networks are made of three continental... 

Recently, developing countries have faced fundamental problems due to the ignorance of rural areas and their deficiencies. These problems could be summarized in extended immigration to nearby cities and an outstanding decrease in agriculture and animal husbandry. Such problems have forced the governments to take on new attitudes towards the expansion rural facilities. In this regard, Transportation can be viewed as an index of development. The following research is aimed to estimate travel demand in rural areas with a newly promoted method, named as “Activity- based Demand Modeling”. Unlike trip based models, Activity- based procedures focus on recognition of daily activity patterns and...