Sharif Digital Repository

Considering the existing facilities and conditions, this study has been done to achieve the optimum of Hydrogen distribution in a refinery network. Tehran Refinery is the case study. First of all, 7 units of north part of Tehran Refinery have been simulated. These units are Hydrogen consumers, producers, and the units which are connected to them. The kinetic of Hydrogen production and consumption reactions and other processes are considered in simulation. The optimization problem solved by Genetic Algorithm method using relations of changes in processes and system constraints as linear and nonlinear equalities and inequalities. Developing the superstructure then reducing it by heuristic... 

This research examines the produced water conditions in Iran and different ways of dealing with it; it looks forward to provide effective treatment system in order to confront the economic and environmental problems associated with the current operations and facilitate the exploitation of oil resources. Produced water in Iran have poor quality and high salinity, so the number of disposal options or use of it is very limited and non-industrial uses become non-economic and uncertain option. Seventy percent of Iranian oil reservoirs in onshore areas and reduced salinity concentration is a big challenge in produced water management. The first step in this project is finding an efficient and... 

Lack of resources, environmental limitations, the incresed price of the water used by industrial processes, and the growth of the industry have caused the necessity of minimizing the heat and water consumption in industries become more vital. Therefore, in addition to the methods of energy integration for reducing the energy consumption, some other methods are being utilized to minimize the required fresh water or the production of the waste water in the industries. Studies show that regarding the direct impact that these two objects have on each other, a separate minimization of them cannot lead to the total optimization of the system. Thus, their minimization should be achieved while... 

In this thesis, using superstructure concept, a method is presented to synthesize of new structures for thermal desalination processes along with their structural and operational optimization. The proposed superstructure is capable of producing various common (feed forward, backward, parallel cross feed) and non-common structures in evaporators, as well as in combination with flash stages and thermal vapor compressor. By using the GA (Genetic algorithm), the superstructure has been optimized to identify the optimal structures in both Iranian and international economic scales. Also comparisons were made between conventional structures at optimum state, to suggest superior structures at... 

Ethanol is one of the most important solvents in the industry with different applications in various fields, which can be used in disinfection solutions, perfumery, paints, fuels, etc. In this research, a predefined superstructure is examined to investigate the possibility of ethanol production by a process which has the lowest production cost per kilogram of ethanol.Various feeds can be used to produce ethanol, the most important of which are bagasse, wheat starch, sugar beet, sugar cane, corn and dextrose. In this study, the corn is selected as feed, while each of the above feed, and contains a different percentage of glucan, xylan and lignin. Conversion factor of components in...