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Synthesis of Platinum Nanoparticles and Study on its Application as a Catalyst and an Adsorbent of the Radioactive Elements

Mehdizadeh, Sofia | 2011

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 42934 (46)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Energy Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Outokesh, Mohammad; Ahmadi, Javad; Sadjadi, Sodeh
  7. Abstract:
  8. The present study was aimed at investigating the use of platinum and platinum nanoparticles stabilized on zeolite as catalyst for the reduction reaction of p-nitrotoluene as one of the dangerous pollutants. The adsorption properties of platinum based on zeolite have been studied for some heavy metals. Monodispersed platinum nanoparticles were synthesized through reduction of H2PtCl6 by ethanol in the presence of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) as a stabilizer, and then were immobilized on four types of zeolites. The study then focused on elaboration of the catalytic activity of the nano catalysts under different operational conditions. In order to investigate the catalytic properties, operating conditions of temperature (25-70 ° C), time (5-180 min) and the amount of catalyst (0.015-0.06 g) have been changed and the performance of produced nanocatalyst with other catalysts (Manganese oxide - Vanadium oxide bulk and nano) were compared. It was found that reaction is adequately rapid at ambient temperature, and by utilizing a sufficient amount of catalyst, can be completed in nearly 30 minutes. Finally, various kinds of supports (zeolitic support 4A, FAU, ANA and NY) were analyzed. Among the utilized zeolitic supports, zeolite 4A had the highest performance. Besides, the operating conditions for this type of zeolite have been studied in detail. Removal of heavy metals from industrial wastewater, especially nuclear waste is one of the important environmental issues. In this study, platinum nanoparticles stabilized on Zeolite 4A (Pt/Zeolite-4A) as a suitable adsorbent have been used for the removal of nickel ions, cobalt, barium and lanthanum from aqueous solution. Batch system was used to determine the factors of adsorption and the effect of various parameters such as temperature (5-60 ° C), time (5-120 min), pH (3.5-6.5), amount of adsorbent (0.015-0.2 g) and initial concentration of heavy metals (50-500 ppm) on the absorption rate was also scrutinized. Finally, the optimal operating conditions for separation were obtained. The adsorption isotherm experiments were also conducted in order to analyze different adsorption models.
  9. Keywords:
  10. Platinum ; Nanoparticles ; Heavy Metals ; Catalysts

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