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Synthesis of Graphene Nanosheets for Application in Biosensors

Rahighi Yazdi, Reza | 2013

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 44590 (04)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Physics
  6. Advisor(s): Akhavan, Omid
  7. Abstract:
  8. Graphene, the newborn nanomaterial whose unique properties has extensively drawnattention of many scientists in the recent years, is an ideal candidate for sensing applications due to its exclusive properties like extremely high specific surface area, excellent electrical conductivity, andcapability of being easily functionalized. In this research, after reviewing the attempts already performed on detection of DNA, in order to detect the four bases of DNA (G, A, T, and C) via electrochemical approach, graphene nanosheets were synthesized by the popular Hummer’s method and were deposited on a graphite rod by electrophoretic deposition with a vertical preferred orientation. To eliminate the functional groups from the the surface the nanowalls and consequently enhance the conductivity, the electrode was exposed to hydrazine vapor. For the first time, this kind of electrodes was utilized in label-free electrochemical detection of the four bases of DNA with a ditection limit of 20 zM (equivalent of single DNA per mL), and its linear dynamic detection range for dsDNA was checked in the wide range of 0.1 fM to 10 mM.Moreover, signal stability of the electrodes was assessed and it was found that its signal is sufficiently stable as it decreased only 15% after 100 DPVs. Detection of SNPs was successful by the fabricated electrode in the concentration of 20 zM.
    Early detection of leukemia in a short time with low cost, with the capability of detecting one initiating cancerous cell among a billion cells, is one of the useful applications of the fabricated electrode, which was realized owing to its ultrahigh resolution and sensitivity
  9. Keywords:
  10. Graphine ; Electrochemical Method ; Biosensor ; DNA ; Electrophoretic Deposition

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