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Fabrication and Characterization of Thermoplastic Starch Based Nanocomposite for Bone Scaffold

Mahdieh, Zahra | 2013

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 45723 (07)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Materials Science and Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Bagheri, Reza
  7. Abstract:
  8. This project aimed to fabricate the bone scaffolds with applying thermoplastic starch-based nano-biocomposites. The starting materials for this scaffold are as follows: thermoplastic starch, ethylene vinyl alcohol as the polymer matrix and nanoforsterite as the ceramic reinforcing phase. Furthermore, vitamin E was used as antioxidant for preserving starch against thermo-mechanical degradations. Likewise, 3D pore structure was developed using azo-dicarbonamide and water in injection moulding process. With blending thermoplastic starch and ethylene vinyl alcohol, some thermoplastic starch’s properties including degradation rate and water absorption were modified. In addition, having nanoforsterite as ceramic reinforcing phase, resulted in improvement of mechanical and biological traits. Elastic modulus of thermoplastic starch and ethylene vinyl alcohol blend was increased from 1187 MPa to 1561 and 1742 MPa by addition of 5 and 10 wt. % of forsterite, respectively. Addition of forsterite reduced the degradation rate in simulated body fluid, which shows the good attachment of forsterite and polymeric matrix. By adding forsterite, weight loss for thermoplastic starch and ethylene vinyl alcohol blend was reduced from 10% to 4%. Besides, in MTT assay, with adding forsterite to composite, pH was modified and it stimulated cell proliferations. Finally, it can be said that 3D structure with 67% density leads to improvement of better tissue adhesion and growth through the bone scaffold. The 3D structure was studied by optic microscopy and stereo camera. The prepared scaffold is of appropriate biocompatibility as well as mechanical properties in order to applying for bone tissue engineering
  9. Keywords:
  10. Tissue Engineering ; Bone Scaffold ; Nanocomposite ; Biomaterials ; Thermoplastic Starch ; Nanocomposite Scaffold ; Ethylene Vinyl Alcohol ; Foresterite ; Vitamine E

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