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Effects of Fluctuation in Urmia Lake Water Level on Local Climate of Basin

Dehghanipour, Amir Hossien | 2014

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 45751 (09)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Civil Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Tajrishi, Masoud
  7. Abstract:
  8. Saline and fresh water lakes comprise a high proportion of the surface water resources and take effects from climate, hydrological, geomorphological changes and human activities in their basins. Variation in area of lakes causes changes in weather and local climate of their basins. Due to high environmental value of lakes and their particular effects on the ecosystem of the region, they have been always center of attention. Lake Urmia as the greatest lake in IRAN and the second largest saline lake in the world always has been considered by many researchers. In recent years Lake Urmia has had many changes such as decrease in area and level. Various factors such as climate change, periodic droughts, dam constructions, irrigation plans and increased water demands are involved in these changes. In this study at the first step, based on the outputs of Global Circulation Model (GCMs) the impacts of climate change on the temperature and precipitation of Lake Urmia basin have been evaluated and afterwards for putting the results into practice, the climate change effects on the dry cultivation of wheat have been assessed. Hence evaluation of climate change impacts on cultivation date, growth period, net demand, dry wheat performance and zoning of potential climates of dry wheat are aims of this research. In the next step, the relation between the change of area and level of the lake and climate parameters of local breeze, relative humidity and temperature in regions adjacent to the lake has been determined. The results showed an increase in the temperature and a decrease in the precipitation for the future periods than the past. These changes will result in reduction in growth period and yield performance of dry wheat than the past. In addition, the results of evaluating the impacts of variation of the lake level on the local climate indicated that due to reduction in area and level of the lake, the local breeze of the lake and relative humidity in regions adjacent to the lake have been decreased. In addition, reduction in lake level has reduced the role of lake in moderating the temperature of the adjacent regions. These changes have caused increase in evapotranspiration in the adjacent regions of the lake
  9. Keywords:
  10. Climate Change ; Lake Urmia Watershed ; Local Climate ; Global Circulation Model ; Dry Cultivation

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