• Introduction (15)
  • Location Alvand field (15)
  • Facts (16)
  • Field description (16)
• Artificial lift methods and current status in field development (20)
  • The need for artificial lift (20)
  • Review of artificial lift techniques (22)
  • Current status of the role of artificial lift in field development (24)
  • Selection of artificial lift criteria (28)
    • Well and reservoir characteristics (28)
    • Field Location (29)
    • Operational Problems (30)
    • Economics (30)
  • Implementation of artificial lift selection techniques (32)
    • Selection by Consideration of Depth/Rate System (34)
    • Selection by Net Present Value Comparison (34)
  • Long term reservoir performance and facility constraints (35)
  • Artificial lift on Alvand (37)
• Electrical Submersible Pumps (E.S.P) (38)
  • Electric submersible pumps (ESPs) (38)
  • Well completion employing electric submersible pumps (ESPs) (45)
    • Typical ESP applications (45)
    • Horizontal Wells (46)
    • “Y” Tool (47)
  • Basic Pump Selection (48)
  • Advantages and Disadvantages of Electric Submersible Pumps (51)
  • Centrifugal pump (51)
    • Seal Chamber section (55)
    • The Motor (56)
    • The power cable (56)
    • ESP run life (57)
      • Case studies (61)
    • ESP design for Alvand (62)
    • ESP secondary effect (64)
  • Monitoring the performance of electric submersible pumps (65)
  • New Technology (69)
    • Coiled Tubing Deployed ESP’s (69)
    • Auto “Y” Tool (71)
    • Dual Pump Installations (71)
  • Reducing water production (74)
  • Electric Submersible Pump Performance (76)
  • Simplified Electric Submersible Pump Design (77)
• Gas lift (83)
  • Introduction (83)
  • Continuous gas lift (83)
  • Gas lift applications (89)
  • Gas lift advantages and limitations (91)
  • Gas lift design objectives (92)
  • Gas lift design constraints (94)
  • Gas lift design parameters (94)
  • The surface gas network (95)
  • The unloading process described (96)
  • Safety Factors (104)
  • Gas lift Valve Spacing Criteria summarized (104)
  • Side pocket mandrels (105)
    • Other uses of side pocket mandrels (109)
  • Gas lift valve mechanics (109)
    • Casing or Inflow Pressure Operated (IPO) Valves (110)
    • Dome Pressure Calibration (112)
    • Temperature Correction (113)
    • Valve Flow Performance (113)
    • Dynamic Valve Performance (114)
    • Valve Performance Flow Model (117)
    • Proportional Response Valves (118)
    • Dynamic Valve Response and Gas Lift Completion Modeling (119)
  • Well Stability (121)
  • Gas lift design procedures (122)
  • An example design - optimizing the performance of a gas lifted well (124)
    • An Example Design - Gas Lift Unloading Calculations (132)
  • Further Gas Lift System Considerations (132)
  • Further gas lift system calculations (133)
  • Operational problems (134)
    • Gas Quality (134)
    • Solids (135)
    • Changes in reservoir performance (136)
    • Gas Supply Problems (136)
  • Well Start-Up (Unloading) (137)
  • Well Stability (138)
  • Dual Gas Lift (141)
  • trouble shooting (141)
  • trouble shooting techniques (142)
  • Some Field Examples of operational problems: (142)
  • Field production optimization (143)
  • New technology for continuous flow gas lift (148)
  • Intermittent gas lift (150)
  • Graphical gas lift design exercise for well (152)
    • Initial Conditions - the “Dead” Well (154)
    • Construction of the “Equilibrium Curve” (154)
  • The Unloading Process (157)
• Simulation and Design (166)
  • The Prosper overview: (166)
    • Basic theory of PROSPER (168)
  • Building a base model for DPG-1 and DPH-1 (169)
    • PVT (170)
    • IPR (171)
    • Equipment (172)
    • Results (178)
  • Gas lift design (180)
    • Modelling DPG-1 and DPH-1 with gas lift (181)
    • Positioning of valves (185)
    • Results (187)
    • Sensitivities of injection depth (187)
  • ESP design (189)
    • . Modeling DPG-1 and DPH-1 with ESP (191)
    • Results (192)
  • Production forecast (193)
    • Well DPG-1 (194)
    • Well DPH-1 (197)
• Economical evaluation (202)
  • Gas Lift economical evaluation (204)
  • ESP economical evaluation (205)
• Results & Conclusions (206)
• References (208)
• Abbreviations (alphabetically) (209)