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Optimum Design, Simulation and Performance Evaluation of Animal PET System

Ghahramani, Peyman | 2017

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 49295 (46)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Energy Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Vosoughi, Naser; Ay, Mohammad Reza
  7. Abstract:
  8. PET systems are a kind of functional nuclear medicine instruments. In this systems a radionuclide is injected to body and output gamma rays is detected. PET can recognise cancer 10 times earlier than other imaging systems such as CT scan also the treatment plan can followed by PET. In the last two decades, the use of small-animal models in the field of biomedical research for studying disease have accelerated and dedicated small animal PET systems have started playing their role as strong imaging modalities in investigating cellular and molecular processes in live animals. Animal and human PETs have similar technology just human PET is bigger, so at this project, animal PET is designed for the first time in IRAN. System is designed with cylinderical geometry and block detectors. Scanner is made by 10 modules in a ring with 162mm diameter. 48.3*48.3*11mm3 ,LYSO block crystal is designed which is made from 23*23 single crystals in 2*2*10mm3 dimensions. Inner crystal reflector is BaSO4 with 0.1mm length and outer shield is Aluminium with 2mm length. The module dimensions is 52.2*52.2*13mm3. SiPM is used for optical detection. System Design is simulated at GATE - a monte carlo based software - and is validated by practical data. System is evaluated by NEMA NU-4 2008 standard. Absolute sensitivity is 1.42% which is appropriate than other commercial PET systems. Normalized sensitivity to AFOV is 0.29 which is excellent than other PET systems. This parameter shows good sensitivity in comparison with final system price. SF and NECR for mouse phantom are 88kcps and 8.5% , for rat phantom are 21.7kcps and 20.6%. The design is optimized by other crystal materials such as BGO and GSO, other crystal lengths, 10-15mm by 1mm steps, other crystal pixel sizes, 1.4-2.2mm by 0.2mm steps and other 3 ring diameters. Genetic Algorithm is used for design optimization at nuclear medicine instruments for the first time at world. Animal PET system construction process is started at summer,1394 and will finish at summer,1396. The last goal is construction human PET after animal PET
  9. Keywords:
  10. Nuclear Medicine ; Genetic Algorithm ; Monte Carlo Method ; Optimal Design ; Geant4 Application for Tomographic (GATE)Emission ; PET System

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