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An Experimental Study of Cancer Treatment Using Combined Hyperthermia and Chemotherapy Methods

Khafaji, Mona | 2017

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  1. Type of Document: Ph.D. Dissertation
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 50222 (48)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
  6. Advisor(s): Vosoghi, Manoucher; Hormozinezhad, Mohammad Reza; Dinarvand, Rasoul; Iraji Zad, Azam
  7. Abstract:
  8. Cancer treatment is one of the most challenging issues of recent years. Extensive researches have been conducted in various fields of medicine, pharmacy, and medical physics in this regard. Today, considering nanotechnology developments, researchers believe that full cancer treatment is possible through the use of nano-systems designed with scientific background to overcome the defects of previous methods. In this research, the main purpose is to design and synthesize multifunctional hybrid nanostructures with favorable optical and magnetic properties providing a way to combine chemotherapy and thermal treatment. Accordingly, two different structures were designed and experimentally evaluated. In the first part of the thesis, hybrid nanostructures were synthesized from the bonding of gold nano-rods and iron oxide nanoparticles. The effectiveness of gold nanorods as a photothermal treatment agent has already been confirmed. The presence of iron oxide nanoparticles within the structure, allows the magnetic targeting in addition to its usability as a contrast agent in magnetic resonance images. Through nanostructure coating by PNIPAM, it is possible to load more than one type of drug. So there will be a possibility to combination chemotherapy. The release of the drug results from a phase change in the PNIPAM under high temperatures, as well as a breakdown of the hydrogen bonding of the drug and polymer molecules at a low pH. This condition causes the maximum release of the drug to occur simultaneously with photothermal treatment and in cancerous cells. The results of in vitro studies indicate that the combination of therapeutic methods through synthesized nanostructures is better than any of them alone and only 2% of cancerous cells could be survive. Therefore, it can be concluded that the new nanostructure used is a good candidate for the integration of therapeutic methods, due to its bio and hemo compatibility and multiple capabilities in treatment and imaging. In the second part of this thesis, the iron oxide-silica core-shell nanoparticles were used to combine photothermal and chemotherapy treatments. Polyethylene glycol has been used to enhance the stability and biocompatibility of core-shell nanoparticles. In addition to magnetic targeting and contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, this nanostructure provides simultaneous loading of both cisplatin and doxorubicin. The efficiency of iron oxide nanoparticles in magnetic hyperthermia has been reported before, but only in few researches the ability of these nanoparticles as photothermal agents were reviewed. In this study, the capability of this structure to combine photothermal and chemotherapy treatment has been investigated. The results show significant performance of the core-shell structure as a carrier of the drug, MRI contrast enhancing and photothermal agent
  9. Keywords:
  10. Gold Nanorods ; Drug Delivery ; Chemotherapy Science ; Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ; Photothermal Force ; Hyperthermia Treatment ; Cancer Treatment

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