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Design and Manufacture of an Engineered Scaffold in Order to Repair Tissue Exposed to Mechanical Force, for Tissue Engineering Application

Haghighi, Paniz | 2019

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 51949 (08)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Mechanical Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Shamloo, Amir
  7. Abstract:
  8. Articular cartilage has limited repair capability following traumatic injuries and current methods of treatment remain inefficient. Reconstructing cartilage provides a new way for cartilage repair and natural polymers are often used as scaffold because of their biocompatibility and biofunctionality. The goal of cartilage tissue engineering is to design a scaffold with proper pore structure and similar mechanical properties to the native tissue. In this study Porous scaffolds prepared from silk fibroin, chitosan and gelatin blends with varying ratio of silk fibroin and gelatin by freeze drying method were characterized for physicochemical, mechanical and biological properties. Among the various blend ratios, chitosan, gelatin and fibroin with 2%, 2% and 3% blend was found to be the most favorable for achieving certain superior scaffold properties than other blends except for compression modulus. It was seen that compression modules tends to increase with increase in fibroin concentration. It was observed that adding fibroin can increase the compression modulus to 5.6 times. The 2:2:3 blend of the scaffold showd the best pore size that is between 250 μm and 500μm, which is an excellent range for cell activities. In-vitro cell culture study using human chondrocytes and mouse fibroblast cells showed good cell adhysion and proliferation. To study the effect of the best scsffold on living tissue, 12 rabbits were randomly assigned to 2:2:3 scaffold, 2:2:3 scaffold with chondrocytes and control groups. A cylindrical defect was created at the patellofemoral facet of the right knee of each rabbit and repaired by scaffold respectively. Samples were prepared at 4, 8 weeks post-surgery for histology. The results showed that the tissues were repaired better in samples with scaffold
  9. Keywords:
  10. Articular Cartilage ; Mechanical Properties ; Tissue Engineering ; Silk Fibroin ; Chitosan ; Gelatin ; Chondrogenesis Process

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