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Movement of Entrapped Air-Pockets in the Bottom Outlet of Dams and Solutions to Related Problems

Nayeb Pashaie, Kiarash | 2021

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 53971 (09)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Civil Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Shamsaei, Abolfazl; Ghaemian, Mohsen
  7. Abstract:
  8. The purpose of this study is to investigate the entrapment and movement of air pockets in the bottom outlet of dams and numerical simulation of the process of entrapment and entrainment of air pockets. One of the most common problems with bottom outlets is the air-water mixture flow. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the causes of air pockets in pressurized tunnels before service and emergency gates in the bottom outlets and to provide effective solutions to prevent the occurrence of unwanted air entrapment and many problems resulting from it. To do this, using FLOW-3D flow simulator, the way of entraping air pockets in the Bottom outlet of Darian Dam has been investigated and the factors affecting the occurrence of damages in this dam have been studied. In this study, the effect of geometry, the effects of air vents and the hydraulic factors of the flow governing the bottom outlet of the dam are investigated and the process of the accident is described. The study of new methods, as well as various factors that may not have been well studied to date, are among the innovations of this research. Finally, after describing the incident, in this study, solutions to deal with the occurrence of problems and possible damages in the bottom outlets due to the entrapment of unwanted air in them, are presented. The most important conclusion of this study is to prevent air entrapment in the pressurized section of the bottom outlet by preventing the reduction of the section in the horizontal tunnel and increasing the l-shaped transition radius to better release the trapped air
  9. Keywords:
  10. Bottom Outlet ; Air Entrainment ; Air Pockets ; Geysers ; Air Vents

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