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Increase the Flame Resistance of Polyurethane Foams Using Liquid Sodium Silicate (Water Glass)and Nano Silica

Fathi, Javad | 2018

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 54709 (06)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Ramazani Saadatabadi, Ahmad
  7. Abstract:
  8. In recent years, the use of polyurethane foams has been of interest for many researchers and craftsmen. Polyurethane foams, due to their excellent properties, can be used in important applications such as advanced military industries, insulation and those requiring strength and maneuverability. The aim of this research project is to produce polyurethane / sodium silicate or nano-silica nanocomposites. Prior to the fabrication and synthesis process of polyurethane containing sodium or nano-silica, deposited silica nanoparticles were synthesized using high-rubbed sodium silicate and sulfuric acid, followed by various tests including XRD, FE-SEM and BET to verify It was done. Sodium silicate with different bristles has been used to produce flame retardant polyurethane and to increase thermal resistance. In order to produce nanocomposites with different percentages of fillers, all of the production parameters have been changed to sodium saccharide. SEM images show the proper and effective distribution of nanoparticles in polyurethane. The dramatic increase in some of the mechanical properties such as modulus and yield stress confirms the proper distribution and effective interaction between the nanoparticles and the polymer backbone. Thermal properties of nanocomposites produced were measured by TGA and DSC tests. The results of these tests show an increase in crystallinity, melting temperature and a good improvement of thermal stability of the samples. Mechanical tests show a significant increase in modulus and tensile strength of nanocomposites containing fillers compared to pure polymer
  9. Keywords:
  10. Polyurethane ; Heat Resistance ; Nanosilica ; Sodium Silicates ; Polyurethane Foam

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