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Design and Development of Gamma Wireless Detector with the Use of Soft Computing to Identify the Type of Radioisotope for Environmental Monitoring

Alizadeh Bayati, Zeynab | 2021

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 54714 (46)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Energy Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Vosoughi, Naser; Moshkbar Bakhshayesh, Khalil
  7. Abstract:
  8. The inability to directly observe radioactive rays, from the beginning of the discovery of these rays, led various people to seek a suitable solution to detect and recognize their properties. To this end, many detectors with different capabilities were built. On the other hand, in the electronic world, it was possible to analyze electrical pulses and extract information based on them. Therefore, some detectors were designed to convert the traces left by the entry and interaction of radioactive rays into measurable electrical pulses proportional to the properties of the incident radiation. Analysis of these pulses provides information about the properties of the incident rays. So far, a variety of analog and digital electronic devices have been developed to process the electrical pulses of the detector output and extract the required information based on them. In many of these devices, the output data of the detector is often transmitted through physical connections. This leads to problems such as the need for complex and expensive connections, their difficulty in maintenance, and the difficulty of moving, especially in impassable areas. In order to solve the mentioned problems, it was decided in the first part of the current research to provide a wireless method for exchanging the output data of the detectors. To achieve this, among the various methods of wireless data transmission, due to the unlimited range of data transmission in the Internet, this method of data transfer was used to the final data output of multi-channel analyzer. Wireless data exchange in the present study was achieved by using two programming languages, PHP and C ++. The reason for using C ++ was the production of two softwares, one on the detector side and the other on the user side of the data receiver, which is generally responsible for sending and receiving the output data of a multi-channel analyzer connected to the detector. In this wireless exchange, the final data of the multi-channel analyzer is read by the produced software and sent to the purchased hosts in the server through the post method on the Internet. Inside the server, this data is received and stored using code written in PHP. On the other hand, when the user sends a spectrum view request to the server by the user's software, the data is called from the location stored on the server and sent to the user to in the software and displayed to him. The performance output of this part of the research shows that the proposed process for data exchange performs the wireless data exchange operation correctly. One of the advantages of using the method presented in this dissertation is that it is possible to reduce the risks and damages caused by manpower exposure to radiation, in order to enable spectroscopy and remote control, without the need for the presence of an operator near the detector. In addition, resolving the problems mentioned at the beginning of this section is one of the benefits of using the developed solution. The second goal of this study is to provide a solution to solve another problem in spectroscopy. In this section, to solve problems such as time-consuming process of identifying radioactive elements in the environment using human factors and the need for specialized human resources to identify the type of radioisotope, it was decided to use soft computing algorithms and intelligent identification The elements reduce the involvement of manpower by them. The methodology adopted for this purpose is the extraction of four features (location of photopics, pulse shaping time, coarse gain and fine gain in the amplifier) in a large number of experimental spectra and training of Takagi Sugeno fuzzy algorithm using it. As a result of this training, rules were generated, by transferring them to detector-side software and user-side software and coding for feature extraction, at the end of this process were finding the photocopies of the spectrum and Their equivalents energy and consequently the type of radioactive elements present in the environment are identified and reported to the user. Among the challenges of this section is the existence of noise that irregularly raises and lowers the counts throughout the spectrum. The presence of these noises makes the process of analyzing the output data of the multi-channel analyzer difficult. It is common in spectrum peak detection methods to identify elements, using smooth algorithms that simplify spectrum analysis. In this research, innovative methods are presented for this smoothing of the spectrum and further identification of the peaks in it, which are described in detail in the fourth chapter of this dissertation. The output of the second part of this research shows that the elements in the spectrum are correctly identified for the four sources studied
  9. Keywords:
  10. Fuzzy Systems ; Takagi-Sugeno"s Fuzzy Modeling ; Soft Computation ; Wireless Detector ; Gamma Source Detection ; Intelligent Element Identification

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