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- Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
- Language: Farsi
- Document No: 55009 (42)
- University: Sharif University of Technology
- Department: Philosophy of Science
- Advisor(s): Golshani, Mehdi
- Abstract:
- The purpose of this study is to investigate the causes and reasons of the decline of Iran. The beginnings of decline can be traced to factors such as determinism, esotericism, fundamentalism, the absence of skilled men, as well as the lack of a stable legal system and the emigration of Iranians to foreign countries. Lack of attention and lack of thought about the causes of the decline of Iranian civilization is the main problem of Iran's backwardness. On the other hand, this is the main reason for the growth of Western civilizations. Westerners have made good use of this feature and provided the means for their civilization to flourish. The lack of the concept of decline in a culture does not indicate non-decline, but rather the same. The material for the present study is history, which has been written in a Western style by intellectual currents and has caused many difficulties in understanding it. This imitative awareness, neglecting the specific logic of Iran's history, has reduced its material to new regional issues in the West civilization with new Western concepts that have been formulated with a different logic and in accordance with their material. We need to find a new understanding of our tradition and measure its possibilities in order to avoid imposing Western fraudulent customs on ourselves. Since the establishment of the city in Greece, rational thought has also focused on the issues of human life in the city. This was a prelude to the fact that the Greek authorities, along with other social institutions, launched public debates in general history to resolve issues with free and equal citizens who had an equal share in politics. A method that was never practiced in the Orient, and the wise kings preferred that the subjects be preoccupied with myths and legends rather than the current affairs of the kingdom. The ideas of Plato and Aristotle made Greek political philosophers. The achievements of this political philosophy were the rule of governance, relying on public interests, denying the private interests of rulers, linking theoretical philosophy and practical wisdom, linking politics and ethics, city-to-individual superiority, and the unity of individual and collective good. Achievements that can not be found in the Orient, especially in Iran. What happened in Iran could not be reflected in such a way that the decline of the Roman Empire created in the eyes of its writers, who, after theoretical receiving, were able to revive it using the works of Islamic civilization. For some reason, philosophy in Iran, unlike the West, did not develop in the humanities, and the social sciences, which could provide the necessary concepts for such research, were not provided. Now we inevitably see that the introduction of this system of exotic concepts with the nature of science in Iran and its non-principled application has created many problems. The main and secondary questions of the dissertation: 1- The state of decline is the consequence of which causes and reasons in the past and its signs are a symbol of which change in the future? 2- How can the Iranian crisis be understood with the rise of Safavid to the present day? 3- How much do we need to use the Western concepts system? And is their inference inevitable?
- Keywords:
- Ideology ; Decadence Theory ; Concepts Apparatus ; Via Antiqua ; Ijtihad in Baises
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