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Investigation of the Effect of Various Electrolyte Additives to Increase the Overpotential of the Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution Reactions in Lead-Acid Batteries

Mohammadvand, Ali | 2022

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 55360 (03)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Chemistry
  6. Advisor(s): Taherinia, Davood
  7. Abstract:
  8. Lead-acid batteries have been used for over 150 years as a reliable means of storing electrical energy. These batteries have a variety of applications due to their high safety, reliable performance, and relatively easy manufacturing process, including in car starters, car lighting and combustion, electric vehicles (especially electric bicycles), and the resulting electrical energy storage. From renewable sources or pulsed power supplies in hybrid electric vehicles. Despite increasing advances in the performance and design of these batteries, there are still problems in this area. One of the most important of these is the electrolysis of water as a side reaction, which leads to the production of hydrogen (Hydrogen Evolution Reaction: HER) and oxygen (Oxygen Evolution Reaction: OER). This increases the risk of explosion, corrosion and water consumption. To prevent water decomposition and its destructive effects, the overvoltage of hydrogen and oxygen production must be increased. So far, various methods have been proposed for this purpose. One solution is to add chemical additives to the electrolyte solution. The most important additives are acids, mineral salts and ionic liquid. The purpose of this project is to investigate the effect of various additives (to the electrolyte solution of lead-acid batteries) on the overvoltage of hydrogen and oxygen production reactions. For this purpose, several different categories of additives were tested. Methods: Various additives are prepared and added to the lead-acid battery electrolyte solution. Then, the effect of additive on HER and OER kinetics was investigated by linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). Also, battery performance was studied using charge / discharge tests, water consumption, battery capacity, cold start, charge survival, charge acceptance and lifespan, which according to the results obtained malic acid has a favorable effect. In excess of HER and OER potential, the lost water left the battery.Also in this project, the effect of two geometric isomers maleic acid and fumaric acid as an additive were investigated. According to the results, a mechanism was proposed for the effect of the additive on the potential increase of OER and HER
  9. Keywords:
  10. Lead Acid Battery ; Additives ; Linear Sweep Voltammetry ; Overpotential ; Oxygen Evolution ; Hydrogen Evolution ; Charge Survival ; Cold Start

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