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Seismic damage and life cycle cost assessment of unanchored brick masonry veneers

Reza Khalili, M ; Sharif University of Technology | 2022

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  1. Type of Document: Article
  2. DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2022.114187
  3. Publisher: Elsevier Ltd , 2022
  4. Abstract:
  5. This paper develops the seismic damage models of brick masonry veneer attached to the masonry infill without metal ties and assesses the life cycle cost of veneers subjected to earthquake excitation. Even though anchoring veneers to the backup wall has been prescribed in recent building codes, most of the existing brick veneers in seismic prone areas around the world lack the anchoring details. Besides, the damage and consequence models of masonry façades have not been presented in the FEMA-P58 database restricting detailed performance evaluation of buildings with unanchored masonry veneers. This study develops detailed finite element models to simulate various failure modes of the masonry veneer units and joint interface. The modeling procedure is validated by comparing the capacity curve and the crack pattern of simulation with those of an experiment conducted on a masonry brick wall in the literature. Then, a new procedure based on the endurance time dynamic analysis is proposed to generate fragility models for veneers and the backup masonry infill with lower computational demand than conventional methods. It is found that existing of the opening decreases the median collapse capacity of the façade by 25%. To demonstrate application of the developed fragility models, the life cycle costs of three types of veneer, brick façade, and two types of curtain walls, for a ten-story steel building are estimated using the FEMA-P58 procedure. It is concluded that using masonry veneer induces considerable damage and loss at lower levels of earthquake intensity compared to the curtain wall. Despite the lower initial cost of masonry façade, the total loss associated with these façades is almost 70% greater than the total loss of curtain walls. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd
  6. Keywords:
  7. Endurance time method ; Life cycle cost ; Masonry façade ; Seismic risk analysis ; Brick ; Brick construction ; Building codes ; Cost benefit analysis ; Damage detection ; Earthquakes ; Infill drilling ; Life cycle ; Risk analysis ; Risk assessment ; Veneers ; Walls (structural partitions) ; Anchorings ; Brick masonry veneer ; Curtain-walls ; Endurance time methods ; Fragility curves ; Masonry infills ; Seismic risk ; Seismic risk analyse ; Total loss ; Costs ; Cost analysis ; Damage mechanics ; Life cycle analysis ; Masonry ; Seismic response ; Structural response
  8. Source: Engineering Structures ; Volume 260 , 2022 ; 01410296 (ISSN)
  9. URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0141029622003194