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Environmental Optimization of Consumption of Fuel Oil in Thermal Power plants of Iran

Tatar, Fatemeh | 2024

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 57456 (46)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Energy Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Khajejpour, Hossein
  7. Abstract:
  8. Heavy fuel oil (mazut) is one of the inevitably produced products in oil refineries, which must be consumed in Iran due to the sanctions and the lack of standards for export. On the other hand, in the cold months of the year, when the priority of natural gas consumption is assigned to the domestic sector, the thermal power plants that supply part of the electricity needed by the country face a shortage of fuel. The importance of electricity production is not hidden from anyone, and on the other hand, the importance of supplying domestic gas in the cold season is enough to provide the ground for gas interruption of large industries and thermal power plants and force them to use backup fuel such as fuel oil. This research is focused on the consumption of fuel oil in Iran's thermal power plants, and its purpose is to minimize the environmental impact that comes to people as a result of the consumption of fuel oil in the thermal power plants. By burning fuel oil in thermal power plants, the sulfur in it combines with oxygen in the air to produce a dangerous amount of sulfur dioxide. This pollutant is scattered around by the wind, endangering the health of the people in that area. In this research, firstly, according to the information of these power plants and weather data in the cold periods of the year, the distribution of this pollutant from each power plant to a 50 km area around it is modeled and a concentration is presented for each point with a distance of 10 km from each other. This modeling has been done for the emission rate of sulfur dioxide per one unit of fuel oil consumption, which is assumed to be one tonne per hour and depends on the mass percentage of sulfur in fuel oil. Then, according to the demographic information of this area, constraints such as the maximum fuel oil burning capacity of each power plant and the total consumption of fuel oil allocated to the power plants, it has been determined that with any assumption for the percentage of fuel oil-burning next to natural gas in different time periods, how much fuel oil should be allocated to each power plant in order to minimize the environmental impact caused by consumption of fuel oil in the thermal power plants. The environmental impact function in this research is linear in the form of the product of the pollutant concentration reached in a region by the population living there by the optimal amount of fuel oil consumed for each power plant. The result of this optimization is presented for different conditions. For example, if thermal power plants with their full fuel oil burning capacity have consumed 5.4 billion liters of fuel oil in 120 days of the year (allocated fuel oil to power plants in 1398), in optimal environmental conditions, 6 power plants including Tarasht, Be'sat, Mashhad, Zargan, Zarand and Shahid Montazer Ghaem are exempted from fuel burning. If the period of consumption of this amount of fuel oil is extended from 120 days to 150 days, 10 power plants including the previous 6 power plants and Tous, Shahid Mufateh, Lushan and Islamabad will also be exempted from burning fuel oil. The environmental impact of fuel oil consumption in 150 days is 3% less compared to consumption in 120 days. As the period of fuel consumption increases, power plants can provide less capacity of their operating power by burning fuel oil, so that the damage to the power plant equipment is also reduced
  9. Keywords:
  10. Air Pollution ; Heavy Fuel Oil ; Mazut ; Thermal Power Plants ; Environmental Impact ; Sulfur Dioxide Dispersion ; Damage Reduction ; AMS/EPA Regulatory Model (AERMOD)

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