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Simulation and Design of Solar System for Liquid Fuel Production with the Approach of using Industrial Emissions

Mollaei, Peyman | 2024

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 57643 (46)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Energy Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Roshandel, Rramin
  7. Abstract:
  8. The long-term storage of solar energy presents a significant challenge in satisfying energy demands. Given the frequency and magnitude of solar radiation, this abundant and free energy source can be primarily stored in liquid fuels and utilized as needed, particularly in the long-distance transportation sector. Concurrently, the absorption and utilization of CO2 emissions from energy-intensive industries represent steps towards establishing a zero-carbon cycle to mitigate emissions.This study initially presents a thermodynamic analysis of synthesis gas fuel production via the reduction and oxidation cycle of ceria in a solar reactor under isothermal cycle conditions. Under radiation, ceria is reduced by releasing a portion of its oxygen content, a process that continues with the use of inert nitrogen gas. In the oxidation phase, the reduced ceria is re-oxidized with H2O(g) or CO2 to produce H2 and CO, respectively. The thermodynamic design also incorporates heat exchangers for gaseous species.The study examines the impact of operating parameters such as temperature, system operating pressure, heat exchanger efficiency coefficient, oxygen impurity in the sweep gas, solar concentration rate, and the presence of temperature fluctuation conditions in the reaction cycle on the solar-to-fuel conversion efficiency. Under isothermal conditions, it was found that most of the received radiation, between 24.8% and 58.4% at different operating temperatures, is used to heat the sweep gas in the system. Consequently, with a heat recovery of 95% at a working temperature of 1900 K, the efficiency ranges from 16.9% to 34%. It was also observed that by operating the process under a temperature fluctuation of 150 K between the reduction and oxidation stages, the sweep gas flow rate is significantly reduced, and the fuel production efficiency increases from 15.3% to 32.5%.The Anderson-Scholz-Flory probability distribution model and selectivity model were employed to evaluate liquid fuel production. The maximum mole fraction of light hydrocarbon liquid fuels (n = 5-11) from the total products produced in this process was 0.35, obtained for the probability distribution parameter α = 0.87. Subsequently, the effect of the suitable temperature range for the selected cobalt catalyst on the synthesis gas composition ratio was investigated in the maximum state of fuel production (α = 0.87). To assess the feasibility of using industrial CO2 in the fuel production process, an evaluation was conducted on absorption and storage technologies and point emission sources with high volumes of CO2 emissions. Four partial pressure indices of CO2 in flue gas, usable scale, CO2 partial pressure range, CO2 separation cost per ton of emissions, CO2 separation efficiency, and energy consumption per ton of CO2 separation from emissions were proposed to evaluate absorption technologies. Based on this, the sole absorption method using a solvent for both the iron and steel industry and the cement industry was chosen as the appropriate method to utilize CO2 due to the physical properties of the flue gas
  9. Keywords:
  10. Synthesis Gas ; Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis ; Cerium Oxide ; Two Step Thermochemical Redox Cycle ; Solar Lquid Fuel ; Industrial Emissions ; Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS)Technology

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