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Investigating the Impact of the Subsidy Reform Plan on Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Manufacturing Sector of Iran

Pourfatemi, Mohammad | 2024

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 58048 (44)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Energy Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Vesal, Mohammad; Khajehpour, Hossein
  7. Abstract:
  8. The issue of climate change and global warming is one of the most pressing environmental challenges that has garnered significant attention from scientific communities over the past two decades. A primary contributor to climate change is the emission of greenhouse gases resulting from the consumption of various energy sources. Iran, in particular, has the highest per capita greenhouse gas emissions, making it crucial to study this phenomenon within the context of its economy. This research investigates the impact of the subsidy reform plan implemented in the late 2000s on emissions in Iran’s industrial sector. To achieve this, we employed the difference-in-difference method to identify causal effects. Our findings indicate that the implementation of the subsidy reform policy can lead to a reduction in industrial emissions ranging from 8% to 22%, depending on the scenario considered. To assess the robustness of these results, we conducted a panel regression analysis with fixed effects and utilized an instrumental variable approach. This analysis revealed that during the years 2003 to 2013, a 1% increase in energy prices resulted in a 0.33% reduction in carbon dioxide emissions. Furthermore, we explored the heterogeneity of responses by examining factors such as firm age, technology level, and the share of natural gas in their energy supply. Our observations indicated that as the age of a firm increased, the effectiveness of the policy also significantly improved. Additionally, firms employing more advanced technologies demonstrated a higher responsiveness to the policy changes
  9. Keywords:
  10. Climate Change ; Greenhouse Gases ; Environment ; Difference-in-Difference Method ; Subsidy Reform ; Industrial Emissions

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