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Biofouling Reduction in Reverse Osmosis Membrane for the Purification Brackish Water

Niknamfar, Rasool | 2014

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 46068 (06)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Soltanieh, Mohammad; Mousavi, Abbas
  7. Abstract:
  8. In this project, modification of reverse osmosis membrane was investigated in order to reduce the biofouling in treatment of brackish water. Furthermore, the technique which is used to attain the favorable results is graft polymerization to modify the membrane’s surface with grafting acrylic acid as hydrophilic monomer onto polyamide exploited as last layer in reverse osmosis membrane. This technique is a free radical grafting, andfree radicals which are needed for grafting are provided by the redox system potassium persulfate-sodium metabisulfite which was used as initiator. To figure out the best concentration of acrylic acid, initiator and process time in order to achieve a new membrane with better anifouling property, desired salt rejection and water flux, and lots of tests such as fouling, salt rejection and water flux were examined. Furthermore, in order to investigate the membrane’s morphology, SEM picture, AFM, ATR-FTIR analysis and contact angle tests were utilized, and the results were completely analyzed. The results have shown that recovery ratio is higher, salt rejection and flux are more proper rather than that of unmodified membrane. Given the evaluations, modified membranes have less roughness and more hydrophilic rather than the unmodified sample. Consequently, the modified membrane with acrylic acid (0.74 wt%), initiator (0.68 mol% of monomer), process time (101 minute) has shown the most antifouling properties
  9. Keywords:
  10. Surface Functionality ; Acrylic Acid ; Reverse Osmosis ; Biofouling ; Free Radical Grafting

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