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Controlling Amyloid Formation Using Novel Carbon Based Nanoparticles

Yahyazadeh, Amin | 2018

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 50770 (03)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Chemistry
  6. Advisor(s): Kalhor, Hamid Reza
  7. Abstract:
  8. Proteins carry out most important roles in the organisms and they have a number of functions including structural, catalytically, regulatory and transportal, However for protein to have functional role they must be able to possess tridimensional structure. Several proteins due to various genetic and physico-chemical conditions have shown to alter their tridimensional structure leading to insoluble fibrilar structure. One of the properties of these insoluble fibrils is conformational change, converting to β-sheet rich structures; the entire process of converting soluble to proteins insoluble fibrils known as amyloid formation. The proteins amyloidosis have been seen as causative role in a number of debilitating human diseases including Alzheimer, Parkinson, and type II diabetes. Therefore studying the molecular aspect of amyloid and finding inhibitors for amyloid formations have been under spotlight. One approach has been using nanoparticles to studying or effect amyloid formation however nanoparticles have turnout to be toxic. In recent years with the discovery of carbon dot nanoparticles which are highly biologically compatible, we decided in this project to synthesis a number of amino acid doped nanoparticles and examine their effect on amyloid formation of model proteins such as lysozyme and insulin. The amino acids are chosen based on their specific functional groups (E.g. polar, nonpolar, positively charged and negatively charged amino acids). To investigate the effects of synthesized doped amino acid nanoparticles a number of techniques were employed including TEM for characterizing, FT-IR for identification of functional groups, thioflavin T binding assay for kinetically studying amyloid inhibition activity and MTT assay for their toxicity. The results indicated that three of synthesized nanoparticles possess anti-amyloid activity and one of the nanoparticles had very low toxicity against mammalian cell-line
  9. Keywords:
  10. Insulin ; Nanoparticles ; Amyloid ; Carbon Nanoparticles ; Carbon Dots ; Protein Misfolding

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