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Static and dynamic evaluation of the effect of nanomaterials on the performance of a novel synthesized PPG for water shut-off and improved oil recovery in fractured reservoirs

Khoshkar, P. A ; Sharif University of Technology | 2020

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  1. Type of Document: Article
  2. DOI: 10.1016/j.petrol.2020.107019
  3. Publisher: Elsevier B. V , 2020
  4. Abstract:
  5. Among different methods which are introduced to reduce unwanted water production, “Preformed Particle Gel” (PPG) is a recently developed type of these gels that can have important advantages such as temperature resistance and long-term stability. The aim of the present work is to synthesize a new type of PPG in which the above specifications are improved even further with the advantage of the Nano-material (here after called N-PPG) and then investigate its effectiveness via static bulk tests as well as dynamic Hele-Shaw and Micromodel tests. In static tube tests, the swelling performance of N-PPG samples was evaluated under different conditions. The examined parameters include various pH of the environment, the type and concentration of ions in the brine, temperature, particle size, and presence of carbon dioxide. Static results proved the temperature stability, pH-insensitivity, and long-term stability of the synthesized N-PPG. The PPG with the most suitable specification in the bulk tests was selected for further performance analysis in dynamic tests through Hele-Shaw cell and micromodel setups. The effectiveness and performance of the N-PPG on increasing the sweep efficiency of water injection and improving the oil production in Low Salinity Water flooding (LSWF) was studied for fractured systems. Dynamic Hele-Shaw cell tests showed that residual resistance factor (the factor which defines the gel ability to control water fingering) decreased with the increment of the brine concentration and the injection rate above a certain limit. In addition the size of dry particles shall be optimized for the best outcome of the treatment. The experimental results in the presence of CO2 showed superior sealing and dehydration performance of the present N-PPG compared to the PPG samples reported in the open literature. Eventually, visual micromodel tests revealed the involved microscale displacement mechanisms and confirmed the effectiveness of the swollen gel particles for reducing the effective permeability of the wide fractures and diverting the flow of the water to the matrix and as a result improving the sweep efficiency without intruding to the matrix and causing any formation damage or skin. © 2020 Elsevier B.V
  6. Keywords:
  7. Fractured reservoirs ; Preformed particle gel ; Water shut-off ; Waterflooding ; Carbon dioxide ; Efficiency ; Fracture ; Offshore oil well production ; Oil well flooding ; Particle size ; Petroleum reservoir evaluation ; Petroleum reservoirs ; Secondary recovery ; Specifications ; Dehydration performance ; Displacement mechanisms ; Effective permeability ; Fractured reservoir ; Improved oil recovery ; Residual resistance factor ; Temperature resistances ; Particle size analysis ; Dynamic analysis ; Enhanced oil recovery ; Fractured medium ; Nanomaterial ; Performance assessment ; Polymer ; Reservoir flooding ; Swelling
  8. Source: Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering ; Volume 189 , June , 2020
  9. URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0920410520301145