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Synthesis and Characterization of g-C3N4 Containing Composite Scaffolds for Bifunctional Anti-Cancer/Tissue Engineering Application

Bakhtiari, Alborz | 2023

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 56666 (07)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Materials Science and Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Madaah Hosseini, Hamid Reza
  7. Abstract:
  8. Today, due to changes in lifestyle and environmental changes, the incidence of cancer is increasing worldwide. With the advancement of science and technology, humans have always sought ways to improve their quality of life and lifespan. The most common cancer related to bone tissue is osteosarcoma. One of the most effective treatment methods is photodynamic therapy. This method requires a photosensitizer with appropriate optical and biological properties. The ideal photosensitizer should be excited with light in the NIR range and produce ROS or active oxygen species. In this research, oxygen-doped graphitic carbon nitride modified by heterojunction with Mn3O4 was used as a photosensitizer. The presence of the desired phases was confirmed by X-ray diffraction, the required porous morphology by field emission scanning electron microscopy, and the formation of the nanosheets by transmission electron microscopy. The optical performance of the synthesized material was investigated using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and according to the results, the absorption range in the (450-800)nm has significantly increased compared to g-C3N4. Furthermore, the existence of Mn3O4 particles reduces recombination rate, promoting the separation of charge carriers, as evidenced by photocurrent tests and photoluminescence spectroscopy. Effective osteosarcoma treatment requires a combination of reconstructive medicine, tissue engineering, and cancer treatment to eliminate the tumorous and cancer cells. Construction of biocompatible scaffolds was carried out to achieve mechanical and biological compatibility with the targeted tissue. In this study, bone scaffolds were constructed using a FDM 3D-printing method. Hence, a composite filament was manufactured by combining the synthesized photosensitizer with PLA. The scaffolds printed with FDM were evaluated for mechanical and biological properties. The compression test results indicate that scaffolds with 1 wt% of Mn3O4/OGCN have a compressive strength 2.5 times higher than pure PLA scaffolds, with an increase from 13Mpa to approximately 34Mpa. The scaffolds were tested for biocompatibility using a cell toxicity test. Results indicated that the incorporation of Mn3O4/OGCN improved biocompatibility and promoted cell proliferation on the scaffolds. Based on these observations, it appears that a treatment can be found that is highly effective and causes less pain for patients through the use of combined therapeutic methods, such as those tested in this study
  9. Keywords:
  10. Tissue Engineering ; Additive Manufacturing ; Polylactic Acid ; Graphitic Carbon Nitride ; Photodynamic Therapy ; Regenerative Medicine ; Composite Scaffold

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