Sharif Digital Repository

In the recent years, increasing concerns about the environmental issues necessitatecientists and industrial people to introduce clean and zero emissions vehicles to the global market. Relying on this acute demand,Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) are knownas one potential solution to lessen the negative effects of transportation industry on ecological systems.HEVs combine an Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) with an Electric Motor/Generator (EMG) and an Energy Storage System (ESS) to produce a fuel efficient and low or zero pollutant powertrain. Increasing the number of components in the powertrain requires a sophisticated strategy to control all drive-line components suitably. Surely, the best... 

The final target of this research is to design an appropriate intelligent control strategy for energy management purposes in a well designed parallel hybrid electric vehicle. In the first step, the conventional “Samand” vehicle has been simulated using real data for vehicle parameters and power train components, has been simulated. Using experimental results, simulation results are validated. In the second step due to the primarily defined parallel electric assist control strategy (PEACS) for the hybrid electric vehicle and performance requirements, components such as engine, electric machine and battery pack were selected and sized. In the final step a Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) has been... 

Energy management in vehicles is ann important issue, because it can significantly influence the performance of the vehicles and component sizing., Although the bbatteries have been widely used in electric vehicles (EVs), However the large current impact of battery cycle life is still a difficult problem that remains to be resolved and because of that, Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) areis the way that allows to to achievinge the advantages of both engines.Hybrid cars uses both an electric motor and internal combustion engine (ICE) used together, so, itwhich can benefit from the advantages of both engine types. ImprovImprovement ofing energy management in (HEVs) can providedeliver important... 

Air pollution has been one of the most important problems in Tehran in recent years. So that the number of deaths due to air pollution in Tehran reaches more than 7000 cases per year. More than 75% of air pollutant emissions in Tehran city (including 60% of PM2.5 emissions) originate from mobile sources. Considering the harmful effects and damages caused by air pollutants, it is important to examine and evaluate the effects of hybrid-electric vehicles on the emissions of the transportation sector and air quality, especially in areas with a large population and realized high traffic load. On the other hand, the continuous reduction of renewable electricity production costs makes electricity a... 

Hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) are proving to be one of the most promising innovations in advanced transportation systems to reduce air pollution and fossil fuel consumption. EMS is one of the most vital aspects of the HEV powertrain system. This research aims to design an optimal EMS under the condition of meeting the goals of drivability control, fuel consumption reduction, and battery charge stability. The current EMS is based on the classical rule-based method derived from fuzzy logic, which guides to the suboptimal solution in episodic driving cycles. Previous experiences in implementing Reinforcement Learning (RL) suffer from late convergence, instability in tracking the driving... 

Using energy storage systems has been remarkably improved the energy systems efficiency and reliability indicators of the system and also reduced the operating costs of these systems. Thus using them in an energy system would count as an advantage. Lately, the procedure of implementation of these systems has been studied widely and various motives behind implementing them have been reviewed. For example, the effect of cost optimization in electrical vehicles on reliability indicators from the load management perspective can be addressed. Therefore this thesis has studied the effect of electrical and thermal storage systems on the reliability indicators of an energy hub and the effect of... 

Gasoline is the major fuel used in transportation sector, even though it's environmental associated concerns and energy security problems receive, and continue to receive, much debate. On the other hand, growth in Iran's population and economy might cause an increase in the amount of cars in the market, consequently, in the transportation sector. The proposed phenomenon will bring a degree of rising in consumption of gasoline together with air pollution, especially in the big cities. Energy policy has acknowledged to be significant step in developing long-term plans across the globe. In this regard, developing policy-based methods and models are of a great importance toward forecasting the... 

Air and sound pollution in metropolises is a problem vexing every class of citizens, rich and poor. Extensive research has been carried out in recent decades resulting in strict and ever-expanding environmental regulations for automotive and other polluting industries to reduce emissions. Unfortunately, despite significant progress in emission reduction technologies, growth in population along with the number of vehicles on city roads, has intensified related health problems of citizens. As a result, a recent trend has been started around the world with the goal of development and wide-spread use of zero emission vehicles like electric vehicles in metropolises. One variety of electric... 

Companies are facing increasingly faster pace of technological evolution. Running a business with a large supply chain without considering the technological changes in the environment might provoke a difficult situation and result in competitive disadvantage. The field of hybrid and electric vehicles has developed a lot in the last decade in the world and the technologies of this field are developing in a dynamic circumstance. Iran Khodro, as the largest automaker in Iran, cannot be indifferent to this reality. Despite the huge oil and gas resources in the country, is it necessary to develop hybrid and electric vehicles in Iran? This is the main question we are trying to answer in the first... 

Air pollution is known as one of the most important problems of large cities. The main reason for such air pollution is the increase in using private vehicles. There are some solutions for controlling and reducing air pollution. One efficient way to achieve this goal is by imposing taxes on aspects of private vehicles. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of taxes on different aspects of private cars to reduce city air pollution, by (1) promoting users to purchase smaller and higher vehicle technology including electric cars, and drive less, and (2) forcing local car manufacturing companies by market demand mechanism to improve technology in their products. This study is a... 

Battery Electric vehicles (BEVs) are turning into a more well known type of transportation because of their energy effectiveness, further sustainability, and the arrangement of government support through motivation programs. However, BEVs have a constrained driving range due to their limited battery capacity. This limited battery capacity leads to a fear of exhausting energy in the middle of route which is referred to as range anxiety. The range anxiety affects BEV users’ travel choices such as route choice. Hence, BEV users should consider their vehicles’ remaining range while trying to minimize their travel times. This concern consequently changes the equilibrium flow on the transportation... 

Nonstop growth of environmental concerns regarding ordinary vehicles detrimental effects have led to increasing use of Electrical Vehicles which require more researches in different fields of study. The main purpose of this study is solving the problem of Electrical Vehicles' traffic assignment considering recharging time as a function of amount of charge. Existing EVs have limited driving range, and these cars' drivers usually have to spend a considerable amount of time on recharging in order to complete a path. As a result, their corresponding optimum route choice differs from that of gasoline-based vehicles' drivers. In more detail, this study proposes an algorithm to solve the shortest... 

Limited oil resources, increasing rate of oil consumption, and environmental concerns related to burning fossil fuels promote the use of alternative fuel vehicles. Electric vehicles are common among alternative fuel vehicles which decrease greenhouse gases emission and fossil fuel dependence. To increase electric vehicle market share, some challenges need to be overcome including range anxiety. Limited driving range is one of the main challenges for battery-powered electric vehicles. The distance limit inevitably changes electric vehicle drivers’ travel behavior. Given the scarcity of charging stations, consumers perceive this driving range limit to be a potential worry. Therefore,... 

Nowadays, according to environmental issues and fuel economy in internal combustion engines, the tendency to use of electrical and hybrid-electrical propulsions has become more than the past. On the other hand, still there are some problems like distance and charge time in electrical propulsions. Among them there are Hybrid-electric propulsions that have the benefits of two other propulsions. These propulsions are classified into three categories: series, parallel and series-parallel.Propulsion hybridization will change the cooling system. Internal combustion engine, electric motors, inverter and batteries operate at different temperature levels. So more than one cooling circuit with its own... 

In this research, the mechanical section of a reduced-scale hybrid vehicle simulator was designed and fabricated. In order to scale down the vehicle dynamics, a method based on dimensional analysis was proposed. An internal combustion engine and an electric motor were selected as power sources and then, scaling was performed, according to the specifications of the combustion engine. Afterwards, the power transmission system was designed first in concept and then in more detail. Finally, the design was manufactured and assembled. The study was made in conjunction with another study responsible for the controlling section of the work, conducted by Safabakhsh The sponsor of these two researches... 

Due to pollution and destructive effects on the environment, while consuming a large amount of fossil fuels that can be converted into high value-added products, gasoline cars are gradually replaced by electric cars. Modern electric vehicles are generally designed and manufactured on the platform of gasoline vehicles. In the present study, it is tried to design three models of electric vehicles based on the SAINA vehicle. Initially, for the first model, an electric motor instead of the SAINA gasoline engine is employed to provide the power required for the vehicle. Then, for the second model, two electric motors are used namely one in the rear axle and one in the front. The third model uses... 

Battery thermal management system is the indispensable part of the electric vehicles working with Lithium-ion batteries. Accordingly, Lithium-ion batteries modelling, battery heat generation and thermal management is the main focus of researchers and car manufacturers. While Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has been used quite successfully for battery thermal management, CFD models can be too large and too slow for assembling in battery pack level models or vehicle models. In this research a much smaller reduced order model is developed, which is in the core is based on CFD models. Thus, without losing the accuracy, this model can be implemented in the vehicle model. The developed model... 

In recent years passenger cars have been known as the main source of air pollution in urban areas. Despite all the research and efforts in minimizing the fuel consumption and emissions of internal combustion engines (ICE), this is merely a temporary solution. The permanent solution to overcome these disavantages is the use of electric vehicles (EV). The main downside of using electric vehicles is their short driving range. Multi-speed transmissions can be adopted to overcome this problem. Continuously variable transmissions (CVT) and infinitely variable transmissions (IVT) have been proven to enhance fuel economy in ICE vehicles and a great deal of research is being conducted to maximize... 

Growing consumer expectations, legislation pushing for lower emissions, increasing fuel prices, and the fact that petroleum is a finite resource are factors leading to groundbreaking changes in the automotive industry. Design and production of vehicles that use the lowest fuel are the most effective ways to reduce pollution. The use of both ICE and EM increases the complexity of HEV power management and advanced power management policy is required for achieving higher performance and lower fuel consumption. In this study, at first the benefits of series-parallel configuration are discussed comparing to other configuration. According to this, the present thesis provides a control strategy for... 

A well-designed Control Strategy (CS) in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs), as the manager of energy flow, reduces the fuel consumption and/or air pollution, while keeps an eye for prolonging the components lifetime. In this regard, the present thesis provides a new CS for parallel HEVs, based on emotional learning. It is noteworthy that the controller consists of a Takagi-Sugeno-Kang (TSK) fuzzy system and a critic. The driver’s torque command, State of Charge (SOC) error, Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) brake torque error and its time derivative constitute the controller inputs, while the output is the ICE torque command. The critic produces two stress signals based on HEV’s battery and ICE...