Sharif Digital Repository

Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) present environmental and energy security advantages versus conventional gasoline vehicles. In the near future, the number of PHEVs will likely grow significantly in the world. In spite of the aforementioned advantages, the connection of PHEVs to the power grid may create a series of new challenges for electric utilities. If PHEV penetration exceeds a certain amount it can endanger power system security. In this research, a new charging control scheme which includes both the customer and grid acquiescence is presented. Optimal charging algorithm is developed which minimizes the electrical charging payment of customers. The optimization problem in this... 

converters in electric vehicles, it is necessary to reduce their dimensions and increase their efficiency. It is expected that in the near future wide band gap semiconductors will be used to achieve these goals. On the other hand, usage of planar transformers is necessary to achieve slim and compact converter designs in electric vehicles. Clearly, planar transformers offer a significant advantage in replacing bulky wired transformers in high frequency LLC resonant converters with WBG transistors. planar transformers also have several other advantages, including low flux leakage, modular structure, and low thermal resistance.However, in planar transformers, due to the proximity and large area... 

In this paper, an energy management problem of a distribution system is studied. The energy trading among a distribution company and some aggregators controlling flexible loads and electric vehicles is modeled as a large-scale Nash bargaining problem. A distributed approach is proposed using the alternating direction method of multipliers decomposition technique, to keep privacy of traders and reduce calculation complexities. We prove that the proposed method admits a Nash bargaining solution. Since the participants' information is not available beforehand, we design an MPC-based algorithm to overcome system uncertainties. To verify the proposed approach a numerical scenario has been... 

Nowadays, due to the rapid growth of electric energy consumption at the distribution network level and the environmental problems caused by conventional generation units, it has become necessary to provide appropriate solutions to increase the penetration of renewable energy sources and optimally manage the consumers/prosumers at the demand side of power systems. In recent years, various methods have been proposed for demand-side energy management models and distributed energy resources (DERs) integration into the distribution network. Amongst them, the transactive coordination approach that employs the economic and control mechanisms for the management of DERs and responsive loads has been... 

Limited oil resources, increasing rate of oil consumption, and environmental concerns related to burning fossil fuels promote the use of alternative fuel vehicles. Electric vehicles are common among alternative fuel vehicles which decrease greenhouse gases emission and fossil fuel dependence. To increase electric vehicle market share, some challenges need to be overcome including range anxiety. Limited driving range is one of the main challenges for battery-powered electric vehicles. The distance limit inevitably changes electric vehicle drivers’ travel behavior. Given the scarcity of charging stations, consumers perceive this driving range limit to be a potential worry. Therefore,... 

Constantly rising fossil fuel consumption and the resulting air pollutants have caused hybrid electric vehicles to be considered as the most efficient mid-term solution for decreasing problems resulting from environmental pollutions and rising fuel prices. Various types of hybrid electric vehicles and power transmission schemes are studied in this thesis. Electric motors utilized in electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles such as induction motor, brushless permanent magnet motor, DC motor and switched reluctance motors are investigated based on previous studies and researches, and are compared for all basic criteria. For completing the comparison procedure and selecting the most... 

The presence of electric vehicle (EV) parking in distribution or microgrids can become a challenging issue for the power grid. If parking operators charge EVs parked in their parking facilities without coordination with the distribution or microgrid operator, they can impose a heavy burden on the grid, resulting in increased costs and problems in the power network. This study aims to address energy management in EV parking facilities in the distribution network by proposing a two-level model. In this two-level model, the high-level problem is the distribution network, and the low-level problem is the parking facility. At the high-level, the distribution network operator tries to maximize... 

In recent years passenger cars have been known as the main source of air pollution in urban areas. Despite all the research and efforts in minimizing the fuel consumption and emissions of internal combustion engines (ICE), this is merely a temporary solution. The permanent solution to overcome these disavantages is the use of electric vehicles (EV). The main downside of using electric vehicles is their short driving range. Multi-speed transmissions can be adopted to overcome this problem. Continuously variable transmissions (CVT) and infinitely variable transmissions (IVT) have been proven to enhance fuel economy in ICE vehicles and a great deal of research is being conducted to maximize... 

Air pollution is known as one of the most important problems of large cities. The main reason for such air pollution is the increase in using private vehicles. There are some solutions for controlling and reducing air pollution. One efficient way to achieve this goal is by imposing taxes on aspects of private vehicles. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of taxes on different aspects of private cars to reduce city air pollution, by (1) promoting users to purchase smaller and higher vehicle technology including electric cars, and drive less, and (2) forcing local car manufacturing companies by market demand mechanism to improve technology in their products. This study is a... 

Using energy storage systems has been remarkably improved the energy systems efficiency and reliability indicators of the system and also reduced the operating costs of these systems. Thus using them in an energy system would count as an advantage. Lately, the procedure of implementation of these systems has been studied widely and various motives behind implementing them have been reviewed. For example, the effect of cost optimization in electrical vehicles on reliability indicators from the load management perspective can be addressed. Therefore this thesis has studied the effect of electrical and thermal storage systems on the reliability indicators of an energy hub and the effect of... 

Hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) are proving to be one of the most promising innovations in advanced transportation systems to reduce air pollution and fossil fuel consumption. EMS is one of the most vital aspects of the HEV powertrain system. This research aims to design an optimal EMS under the condition of meeting the goals of drivability control, fuel consumption reduction, and battery charge stability. The current EMS is based on the classical rule-based method derived from fuzzy logic, which guides to the suboptimal solution in episodic driving cycles. Previous experiences in implementing Reinforcement Learning (RL) suffer from late convergence, instability in tracking the driving... 

The final target of this research is to design an appropriate intelligent control strategy for energy management purposes in a well designed parallel hybrid electric vehicle. In the first step, the conventional “Samand” vehicle has been simulated using real data for vehicle parameters and power train components, has been simulated. Using experimental results, simulation results are validated. In the second step due to the primarily defined parallel electric assist control strategy (PEACS) for the hybrid electric vehicle and performance requirements, components such as engine, electric machine and battery pack were selected and sized. In the final step a Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) has been... 

Growing consumer expectations, legislation pushing for lower emissions, increasing fuel prices, and the fact that petroleum is a finite resource are factors leading to groundbreaking changes in the automotive industry. Design and production of vehicles that use the lowest fuel are the most effective ways to reduce pollution. The use of both ICE and EM increases the complexity of HEV power management and advanced power management policy is required for achieving higher performance and lower fuel consumption. In this study, at first the benefits of series-parallel configuration are discussed comparing to other configuration. According to this, the present thesis provides a control strategy for... 

A well-designed Control Strategy (CS) in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs), as the manager of energy flow, reduces the fuel consumption and/or air pollution, while keeps an eye for prolonging the components lifetime. In this regard, the present thesis provides a new CS for parallel HEVs, based on emotional learning. It is noteworthy that the controller consists of a Takagi-Sugeno-Kang (TSK) fuzzy system and a critic. The driver’s torque command, State of Charge (SOC) error, Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) brake torque error and its time derivative constitute the controller inputs, while the output is the ICE torque command. The critic produces two stress signals based on HEV’s battery and ICE... 

Due to the growing oil price and environmental considerations, tendency to use local and environmentally friendly energy sources has increased.Bidirectional transmission can be one of the key features of the smart grid,so the use of car battery connected to the grid as local energy sources makes sense. This can provide network stability, especially during peak load times. Vehicles connected to grid (V2G) is an electric vehicle or a plug-in hybrid electric vehicles can delivered the electricity to the grid. These systems require either two separate power electronic converters can be used for transmission in either directions or a two-way transfer charger. The aim of this project is to design... 

Wireless power transfer has been found to be a practical replacement for cable power transfer in a wide range of applications. For instance, this technology offers significant solutions for medical and industrial applications as well as electrical home appliances and electric vehicle chargers. All over the world, researchers are investigating and implementing experimental prototypes to simplify power transfer in applications in which the use of cables is impossible, troublesome, or hazardous. There are different issues in each of the mentioned applications which should be solved in order to use wireless power transfer systems more beneficially. These issues include power transfer efficiency,... 

In this research, the mechanical section of a reduced-scale hybrid vehicle simulator was designed and fabricated. In order to scale down the vehicle dynamics, a method based on dimensional analysis was proposed. An internal combustion engine and an electric motor were selected as power sources and then, scaling was performed, according to the specifications of the combustion engine. Afterwards, the power transmission system was designed first in concept and then in more detail. Finally, the design was manufactured and assembled. The study was made in conjunction with another study responsible for the controlling section of the work, conducted by Safabakhsh The sponsor of these two researches... 

Energy management in vehicles is ann important issue, because it can significantly influence the performance of the vehicles and component sizing., Although the bbatteries have been widely used in electric vehicles (EVs), However the large current impact of battery cycle life is still a difficult problem that remains to be resolved and because of that, Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) areis the way that allows to to achievinge the advantages of both engines.Hybrid cars uses both an electric motor and internal combustion engine (ICE) used together, so, itwhich can benefit from the advantages of both engine types. ImprovImprovement ofing energy management in (HEVs) can providedeliver important... 

Long lasting portable power is an ultimate desire for electronic devices. The limited capacity of the batteries in addition to the heavy weight and extra costs are the main challenges of the batteries for energy storage in large electrical devices like electric vehicles. Wireless Power Transmission (WPT) technology can address these issues by providing online electric power for these portable devices. Furthermore, this technology can supply electric devices especially portable ones by eliminating cables and connectors with more reliability.The current research is focused on optimum design of the wireless power transfer system for electric vehicle charging applications. The optimization of... 

Large penetration of electric vehicles and distributed generation (DG) resources in upcoming years will change the future vision of distribution networks from some passive load points into active ones. The imposed load of electric vehicles charging has caused many new challenges in operation and planning studies of distribution network. In contrast, the abilities of electric vehicles in feeding back power into the network (V2G programs) has attracted attention from grid operators and also vehicles owners. So, the problem of managing charging and discharging behaviors of electric vehicles has been introduced as a hot research topic in recent year. This dissertation as the first effort in this...