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environmental-pollutions
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Effect of decision variables in the steam section for the exergoeconomic analysis of TCCGT power plant: A case study
, Article Energy and Environment ; Vol. 25, issue. 8 , 2014 , p. 1381-1404 ; Fani, M ; Farhanieh, B ; Abbaspour, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
In advanced combined-cycle power plants, significant improvements in the thermodynamic performance are mainly achieved by the development of more efficient gas-turbine systems. This paper evaluates the effect of selected decision variables in the steam system for optimization of Thermal Combined Cycle Gas Turbine (TCCGT) power plant using an iterative exergoeconomic. The design variables were the thermodynamic parameters that establish the configuration both of the steam and gas systems. The design data of an existing plant (Damavand power plant in Tehran-Iran) is used. Two different objective functions are proposed: one minimizes the total cost of production per unit of output, and the...
A strategic management model for evaluation of health, safety and environmental performance
, Article Environmental Monitoring and Assessment ; Volume 184, Issue 5 , 2012 , Pages 2981-2991 ; 01676369 (ISSN) ; Toutounchian, S ; Roayaei, E ; Nassiri, P ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Strategic health, safety, and environmental management system (HSE-MS) involves systematic and cooperative planning in each phase of the lifecycle of a project to ensure that interaction among the industry group, client, contractor, stakeholder, and host community exists with the highest level of health, safety, and environmental standard performances. Therefore, it seems necessary to assess the HSE-MS performance of contractor(s) by a comparative strategic management model with the aim of continuous improvement. The present Strategic Management Model (SMM) has been illustrated by a case study and the results show that the model is a suitable management tool for decision making in a contract...
Ethylene glycol biodegradation in microbial fuel cell
, Article Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects ; Volume 38, Issue 8 , 2016 , Pages 1096-1102 ; 15567036 (ISSN) ; Asadi, M ; Rahmani Eliato, T ; Vossoughi, M ; Alemzadeh, I ; Sharif University of Technology
Taylor and Francis Inc
Abstract
Ethylene glycol is an environmental pollutant, which exists in airport runoff and industrial waste. In this article, biodegradation of ethylene glycol in a two-chamber, batch-mode microbial fuel cell was investigated. Glucose and ethylene glycol at different concentrations were used as carbon and energy sources. Chemical oxygen demand removal in the range of 92-98% indicated that microbial fuel cell can be used for biodegradation of ethylene glycol. Ethylene glycol also improved power generation and the maximum power density was 5.72 mW/m2 (137.32 mW/m3), with respect to the same glucose and ethylene glycol concentrations (500 ppm)
Consumption criteria and energy labeling of wet cooling towers in Iran
, Article 2009 ASME Power Conference, 21 July 2009 through 23 July 2009 ; 2009 , Pages 153-157 ; 9780791843505 (ISBN) ; Sayyadi, P ; Saidi, M. H ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Increasing concerns about global warming and environmental pollution control has pushed the relevant organizations to set regulations and to develop programs for energy saving. In addition, for many high energy using appliances, energy labeling provides the end user with important data to select energy-efficient equipments and encourage the manufacturers to enhance the performance of their productions. In this research, a new energy-saving program for wet cooling towers has been developed. Considering a thermo-hydraulic analysis, a novel Energy Index (IE) has been extracted which takes all aspects of the problem into account. The present index can be used as a proper criterion for energy...
Environmental policy-making for persian gulf oil pollution: a future study based on system dynamics modeling
, Article Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning and Policy ; Volume 12, Issue 1 , 2017 , Pages 17-23 ; 15567249 (ISSN) ; Ahmady, M. A ; Hosseini, S. A ; Mashayekhi, A. N ; Maleki, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Environmental degradation due to economic activities is a key challenge facing sustainable development. The fossil fuel production sector is a very polluting industry. In this research, the future trends of pollution accumulation in the region due to direct/indirect oily discharge into the semi-enclosed area of the Persian Gulf are studied. The purpose of the study was not only to alert policy-makers about potential future threats in the region but also to conduct a trial to develop potential solutions to these problems. Four different environmental cases were studied via the principle of system dynamic modeling simulation. The cases consisted of three situations: relaxed, simple policy, and...
Experimental study on gyroscopic effect of rotating rotor and wind heading angle on floating wind turbine responses
, Article International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology ; Volume 15, Issue 12 , 2018 , Pages 2531-2544 ; 17351472 (ISSN) ; Abbaspour, M ; Karimirad, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Limited fossil resources, daily increasing rate of demand for energy and the environmental pollution fact have made people revert to renewable sources of energy as a solution. One type of renewable energy is offshore wind energy which has high potential without any sound and visual noises. Recently, a lot of researchers have carried out on the issue of offshore wind turbine. Because of incapability of most of software programs to simulate gyroscopic effect of rotating rotors, in this articles a significant effort has been made to fabricate and test an offshore wind turbine under different rotor rotation velocities and different heading angle of wind so as to obtain the effects of these...
Synthesis and Characterization of TiO2 Based on Carbon (Activated Carbon and Carbon Nanotube) and Investigation of its Catalytic Activity on Environmental Pollutions
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Gholami, Mohammad Reza (Supervisor)
Abstract
Pure NanoParticles of TiO2 and Nanocomposite catalysts of TiO2 , activated carbon (TiO2/AC) and multi-walled carbon nanotube (TiO2/MWCNT) were prepared by a sol –Gel method using TetraisoPropylorthotitanat (Tipt) as a precursor. The catalysts were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), diffuse reflectance uv-vis spectroscopy (DRS) and N2 adsorption – desorption measurements. The photoactivity of samples was evaluated by Acid Blue 92 (AB 92) degradation. The analysis results show that compared with pure Nanoparticles of TiO2, the spherical – shaped TiO2 particles are well – dispersed in TiO2/AC. In TiO2/MWCNT, the coating has special mechanism that...
A Model for Energy Management in Cement Industries Development in Iran
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; kianfar, Farhad (Supervisor)
Abstract
Importance of consumption of energy and extraction of energy from its reserve in all over the world and whole industries lies in the fact that availability of fossil fuels is limited and demand of it in industries is huge. For the sake of life of industries, each industry sector should be expanded quantitatively, so growth of energy consumption is inevitable. Development of cement industry is effected in total energy demand and harmful pollutants in whole the country and limitation in energy supply and low level of reliability in energy supply cause the increase of cement production cost which will be effected negatively in relativity principle of prioritization in cement export due to...
Synthesis of Zeolite-Based NanoComposites and Investigation of their Catalytic Activities
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Gholami, Mohammad Reza (Supervisor)
Abstract
Polyagent photocatalysts based on the zeolite including TiO2, Ag and AgBr prepared by Sol-gel method. Ag and AgBr prevent of electron-hole recombination and enhance photocatalytic activity. Prepared catalysts were characterized by different analysis method including XRD, SEM, EDX, FTIR and BET techniques. Catalyst activities were investigated from two aspects: in first step the activities of catalyst were investigated for degradation of AB92 dye. The effect of different factors such as: catalyst concentration, dye concentration, pH and scavenger (sodium thiosulphate) on efficiency and reaction rate were investigated. The optimazed values for all conditions specified, then catalyst activities...
Synthesis, Characterization and Kinetic Study on Novel Catalysts Supporting Nanoporous Titanium Dioxide for Degradation Environmental Organic Pollutants
, Ph.D. Dissertation Sharif University of Technology ; Gholami, Mohammad Reza (Supervisor) ; Taghavinia, Nima (Supervisor)
Abstract
Several nanostructured photocatalysts were prepared by sol-gel, hydrothermal and precipitation methods. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption, UV-VIS diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Their Photocatalytic activities were evaluated by degradation of organic pollutants in liquid-solid system. In this research work, the influence of metal oxide, copper oxide, on structure of nanocrystalline mesoporous titanium dioxide were evaluated. Different molar percentages of copper oxide on the surface of titanium dioxide were...
Kinetics Investigation of Photocatalytic Degredation of Environmental Organic Pollutants Using ZnO-Zeolite Nano Composites
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Gholami, Mohammad Reza (Supervisor) ; Sajadi, Ali Akbar (Supervisor)
Abstract
ZnO nano particles and mordnite zeolite nano particles were prepared by precipitation method and hydrothermal method,respectively. The influence of solvent and surfactant in ZnO nano particles synthesis were studied to reform the structure of nano particles.These nano particles were based on different supports to improve and enhance their photocatalytic activities. Synthesized catalysts characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform-infra red spectra (FTIR), UV-Vis spectroscopy and BET techniques. To investigated photocatalytic activity of the synthesized catalysts under UV irradiation, they were used to degradation bio-environmental...
On The Chemo-Physical and Microstructural Properties of Rice Husk Ash and Its Performance in Cement Mixtures
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Khalu, Alireza (Supervisor)
Abstract
Growing production of cement and concrete in developing countries like Iran in addition to high amounts of energy consumption and pollutants formation through production of cement has motivated researchers to partially replace it with suitable additive materials. In this study, the chemo-physical and microstructural properties of rice husk ash as an agricultural waste and its performance in cement mixtures as a pozzolan is experimantally investigated. Parameters influencing the pozzolanic properties of this material that are studied include the effect of acid leaching before pyro-processing, heating rate, retention time, and grinding time. Additionally, this material is compared with other...
Comparison of Performance of Rice Husk Ash in Cement Mixtures Compared with other Artificial Pozzolan
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Khalu, Alireza (Supervisor)
Abstract
Growing production of cement and concrete in developing countries like Iran in addition to high amounts of energy consumption and pollutants formation through production of cement has motivated researchers to partially replace it with suitable additive materials. In this study, the chemo-physical and microstructural properties of rice husk ash as an agricultural waste and its performance in cement mixtures as a pozzolan is experimentally investigated. Parameters influencing the pozzolanic properties of this material that are studied include the effect of acid leaching before pyro-processing, heating rate, temperature, retention time, and cooling rate. Additionally, this material is compared...
Kinetic Investigation of the Degradation of Environmental Pollutant in the Presence of TiO2 Nanoparticle on Carbon Nanotube
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Gholami, Mohammad Reza (Supervisor) ; Rahman Setayesh, Shahrbanoo (Co-Advisor)
Abstract
The present work is based on the, synthesis and investigation of photocatalytic activity of TiO2, TiO2/MWCNT, ZnO and ZnO/MWCNT nanostructures. The nanostructures were prepared using multi-walled carbonnanotubes (MWCNT) as templates.The SEM images of TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles and TiO2/MWCNT andZnO/MWCNT showed that nanosize TiO2 and ZnO particles homogeneously and densely supported on the surfaces of multiwall carbon nanotubes the photocatalytic activity of the TiO2, TiO2 /MWCNT, ZnO and ZnO/MWCNT was examined by the degradation of Basic Blue 41(BB41) under UV and Vis lights. The optimum conditions for degradation of BB41 on TiO2 where found to be: calcination temperature (450 °C), dye...
A Sol-Gel-bonded Coating Deposited on the Surface of Stainless Steel Wire for Solid Phase Microextraction of Environmental Pollutants
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Bagheri, Habib (Supervisor) ; Es-haghi, Ali (Co-Advisor)
Abstract
A novel SPME fiber was prepared using sol-gel technology with ethoxylated nonylphenol as a precursor and used for development of a headspace solid phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method for quantification of 13 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples. The fused silica is the material that has recently been used as a substrate in sol-gel works for preparation of SPME fibers. Given that its drawbacks such as breakability and fragility which make the work tedious and time consuming¬, in this survey stainless steel wires were chosen as a substrate for coating the sol-gel film on them. The fibers made from steel are vary sturdy and aren’t...
Modified Zeolitic Nanostructures: Synthesis, Characterization and the Investigation of Their Catalytic-Sorption-Antibacterial Applications
, Ph.D. Dissertation Sharif University of Technology ; Gholami, Mohammad Reza (Supervisor) ; Gobal, Fereydoun (Co-Advisor)
Abstract
Modified zeolitic nanostructures were prepared by sol-gel, hydrothermal and coprecipitation methods. At first step, natural zeolite was used as a support for preparing the Ag/AgBr/TiO2 photocatalysts. Their photocatalytic properties were studied by degradation of pollutants and microorganism inactivation at the presence of different illumination source. These processes were mechanistically investigated and the results were explained. At second step, mordenite anocrystals, which synthesized by hydrothermal method, were used as an effective support to prepare the AgX/TiO2/MOR photocatalysts. Photocatalytic degradation of an azo dye performed over these nanocomposites and a mechanism suggested...
Experimental Investigation of Mechanical Behavior of Structural Concrete with Combination of Waste Glass and Silica Fume
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Khaloo, Ali Reza (Supervisor)
Abstract
Concrete is the second most structural material in the world. So attention and promotion of the concrete mix design with respect to variable issues and requirements, is very important. On the other hand, these days environment and its pollution has become very popular discussion. Waste-glass which is produced by human products is one of the environmental pollutants. In this thesis it replaces some aggregate in concrete and it can reduce the level of this material in the world. Also we study effects of silica-fume as cement replacement and properties enhancer in our concrete mix design and see how it can ...
Criteria of Choosing Intersection or Roundabout Based on Delay Time, Fuel Consumption, and Environmental Factors
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Nassiri, Habibollah (Supervisor)
Abstract
Nowadays, there are three factors in traffic issues, which are very important. These factors are delay time, fuel consumption and environmental pollution. A good choice of the type of traffic nodes (intersection and roundabout) can play an important role in reducing some of the traffic problems such as: the amount of vehicles' delay time, energy consumption and pollution due to the transport system. In this study, we try to identify factors that influence delay time, fuel consumption and air pollution in different types of intersections and roundabout. According to previous studies, these factors were such as: variables of each route volume, distribution of through, right turn and left turn...
Pollution Cost assessment of Energy Systems; Case Study: Guilan Province
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Saboohi, Yadollah (Supervisor)
Abstract
The energy section has a significant share in the emission of environmental pollutants. Based on the recent investigations about 80 percent of greenhouse gases are emitted into the environment from this sector. This present research has focused on estimating costs of pollution control, using the energy system model. In order to have a better understanding of the relationship between energy and environment, the reference energy system for Guilan Province has been developed; then by having energy demand data, historical capacity data for each technologies and potential of energy resources as well as, the development of provincial energy system has been studied. After the model verification and...
A Superhydrophobic Melamine Formaldehyde Sorbent for Micro Extraction of Pollutants from Aquatic Media
,
M.Sc. Thesis
Sharif University of Technology
;
Bagheri, Habib
(Supervisor)
Abstract
In this project, melamine formaldehyde was chosen as initial substrate for its high porosity. Then for having superhydrophobic surface, surface functional groups were silanized and deactivated as a result. It was assumed that high porosity of prepared sorbent and its nonpolar nature, can increase extraction efficiency. To study extraction efficiency of the prepared sorbent, it was filled inside a needle and used for needle-trap head-space extraction of BTEX (abbreviation for Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene and Xylenes). Needle packed with sorbent was held on headspace of sample containing BTEX and head- space was pumped with a peristaltic pump. Pumping introduces fresh sample to sorbent...